A versatile lead iodide particle synthesis and film surface analysis for optoelectronics

Morphology and surface analyses for CH3NH3PbI3perovskite thin films treated with versatile solvent–antisolvent vapors

“…7(a) , the first striking observation is that, with increasing the step number, the contact angle decreased, indicating the polarity of a perovskite film was changed through the water-induced degradation effect. Note that in our previous work, 27 the contact angle and surface energy for the pure PbI 2 films (DMSO used as a processing solvent) were 130° and 6.3 mJ m −2 , respectively. However, in this work, the perovskite film (from which PbI 2 is formed, like a water/PbI 2 /CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 configuration) shows the water contact angle of about 120° and the average surface energy of ∼11.5 mJ m −2 (see Step 1 in Table 3 ).…”

“…All solvents and antisolvents were purchased from Fine Chemicals Ltd. Indium tin oxide/fluorine-doped tin oxide (ITO/FTO) coated glass substrates were purchased from TECHINSTRO Chemicals Ltd. PbI 2 precursors were purchased from Tokyo chemical industries (TCI) and synthesized using a hydrothermal method. 27 CH 3 NH 3 I (MAI) was synthesized by reacting methylamine (aqueous, 40 wt%) and hydroiodic acid (aqueous, 57 wt%) in an ice bath for 2 h with stirring. Then the solvent was evaporated using a rotary evaporator and the precipitate was collected and washed using Et 2 O three times and dried at 60 °C for 24 h in a vacuum oven.…”

“…In general, the PV performance of PSCs relies on the morphologies of the perovskite thin lm because the structural characteristics of a photoactive layer decide PV performances of devices. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] For example, if there is a trap site (e.g., surface defect and grain boundary) in a perovskite layer, it acts as carrier recombination sites, 33 resulting in a reduced performance of devices. Thus, the morphology and crystallinity of the perovskite thin lm should be very important for fabricating high-efficiency PV devices.…”

Phase Behavior and Role of Organic Additives for Self-Doped CsPbI3 Perovskite Semiconductor Thin Films

“…In addition, R (=1.987 cal/(K·mol)) and T (K) are the gas constant and temperature, respectively. Importantly, the interaction parameter could be defined as [ 80 , 83 ], where is the molar volume of solvent whereas and are the solubility parameter of component 1 and 2, respectively. Table 3 shows the and for each system when for a solvent (DMF or DMSO).…”

Moth Bean, Gelatin, and Murraya Koenigii Leaves Extract-Based Film and Coating: Effect of Coating on Shelf and Quality of Solanum Melongena

“…and MS film with GA and ME are shown in Figures 1(a) and 1(b)). -OH, -CH, and NH stretching vibrations in the starch chains relate to peaks in the range of 3300-2800 cm −1 [21,22]. Starch hydration, bending mode of CH 2 and-C-OH bending and stretching vibrations, amino and amide groups associate with peaks in the range of 1600-1200 cm −1 [23].…”