A versatile microprocessor-based multichannel stimulator for skeletal muscle cardiac assist

Abstract

A versatile, microprocessor-based stimulator for skeletal muscle cardiac assist (SMCA) has been designed, constructed, and used in several studies. The stimulator uses multiple bipolar electrodes to deliver arbitrarily specified electrical stimulus sequences to three nerve branches of the latissimus dorsi muscle. The electrodes are electrically isolated to effect regional stimulation of the muscle. The width, amplitude, and interpulse interval of each pulse in the stimulus sequence are independently variable, and the three channels are independently programmable, allowing a wide variety of stimulus patterns. Battery powered units have been used in studies for up to one year. In this paper, the stimulator and sample applications in SMCA are described.

Re‐animation of muscle flaps for improved function in dynamic myoplasty

“…In our acute experiments, stimulation was accomplished via a computer/data acquisition system. The technology exists for the miniaturization of this "smart" stimulation system 23 and its use in chronic preparations. Even feedback of pressure data from miniature implantable sensors is feasible with modern electronics.…”

A Versatile Labview-Based Toolbox Design and Man-Machine Interface for the Electrical Stimulation System

“…Nowadays, numerous electrical stimulators have been developed, and they demonstrate their feasibility and versatility in different kinds of applications, such as hand function restoration, sit-to-stand training, balance control, and bladder function training [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. However, the functionality design and user-interfaces of most electrical stimulators are usually programmed in C languages or low-level assembly.…”

Universal serial bus powered and controlled isolated constant-current physiological stimulator

“…Both of these stimulators are geared toward pacing or single pulse generation. A more sophisticated multiple channel stimulator by Cheever et al 3 is used for skeletal muscle cardiac assist.…”