A village level cluster-randomized entomological evaluation of combination long-lasting insecticidal nets containing pyrethroid plus PBO synergist in Southern Mali

Cisse, Moussa BM; Sangaré, D; Oxborough, Richard M.; Dicko, Abdourhamane; Dengela, Dereje; Sadou, Aboubacar; Mihigo, Jules; George, Kristen; Norris, L. C.; Fornadel, Christen

doi:10.1186/s12936-017-2124-1

Cited by 23 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Fifteen trials met the inclusion criteria, and we have described them in the ‘Characteristics of included studies' tables. Two trials were laboratory bioassays (Darriet 2011; Darriet 2013), eight trials were experimental hut trials (Bayili 2017 (Burkina Faso); Corbel 2010 (Burkina Faso, Benin, Cameroon); Koudou 2011 (Côte d'Ivoire); Moore 2016 (Tanzania); N'Guessan 2010 (Benin); Pennetier 2013 (Benin); Toé 2018 (Burkina Faso); Tungu 2010 (Tanzania)), and five trials were village trials (Awolola 2014 (Nigeria); Cisse 2017 (Mali); Mzilahowa 2014 (Malawi); Protopopoff 2018 (Tanzania); Stiles‐Ocran 2013 (Ghana)). All trials were conducted in Africa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One trial compared MAGNet LN to Veeralin LN (Moore 2016). Three trials compared both Olyset Net to Olyset Plus and Permanet 2.0 to Permanet 3.0 (Cisse 2017; Mzilahowa 2014; Toé 2018). One trial compared DawaPlus 2.0 to DawaPlus 3.0 and DawaPlus 4.0 (Bayili 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most settings, the pyrethroid‐PBO nets resulted in higher rates of mosquito mortality and greater blood‐feeding inhibition than conventional LLINs, although the magnitude of this effect was variable. Village trials have measured the impact on sporozoite infection rates in mosquitoes with mixed results (Awolola 2014; Cisse 2017; Mzilahowa 2014; Stiles‐Ocran 2013). Recently, a cluster‐randomized trial in Tanzania demonstrated that use of pyrethroid‐PBO nets can reduce malaria prevalence in children (Protopopoff 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with pyrethroids in insecticide-treated nets to prevent malaria in Africa

Gleave

Lissenden

Richardson

et al. 2018

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

102

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BackgroundPublic health strategies that target mosquito vectors, particularly pyrethroid long‐lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), have been largely responsible for the substantial reduction in the number of people in Africa developing malaria. The spread of insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes threatens these impacts. One way to control insecticide‐resistant populations is by using insecticide synergists. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is a synergist that inhibits specific metabolic enzymes within mosquitoes and has been incorporated into pyrethroid‐LLINs to form pyrethroid‐PBO nets. Pyrethroid‐PBO nets are currently produced by four LLIN manufacturers and, following a recommendation from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017, are being included in distribution campaigns in countries. This review examines epidemiological and entomological evidence on whether the addition of PBO to LLINs improves their efficacy.Objectives1. Evaluate whether adding PBO to pyrethroid LLINs increases the epidemiological and entomological effectiveness of the nets.2. Compare the effects of pyrethroid‐PBO nets currently in commercial development or on the market with their non‐PBO equivalent in relation to:a. malaria infection (prevalence or incidence); b. entomological outcomes.Search methodsWe searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group (CIDG) Specialized Register; CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CAB Abstracts, and two clinical trial registers (ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) up to 24 August 2018. We contacted organizations for unpublished data. We checked the reference lists of trials identified by the above methods.Selection criteriaWe included laboratory trials, experimental hut trials, village trials, and randomized clinical trials with mosquitoes from the Anopheles gambiae complex or Anopheles funestus group.Data collection and analysisTwo review authors assessed each trial for eligibility, extracted data, and determined the risk of bias for included trials. We resolved disagreements through discussion with a third review author. We analysed the data using Review Manager 5 and assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach.Main resultsFifteen trials met the inclusion criteria: two laboratory trials, eight experimental hut trials, and five cluster‐randomized controlled village trials.One village trial examined the effect of pyrethroid‐PBO nets on malaria infection prevalence in an area with highly pyrethroid‐resistant mosquitoes. The latest endpoint at 21 months post‐intervention showed that malaria prevalence probably decreased in the intervention arm (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.80; 1 trial, 1 comparison, moderate‐certainty evidence).In highly pyrethroid‐resistant areas (< 30% mosquito mortality), in comparisons of unwashed pyrethroid‐PBO nets to unwashed standard‐LLINs, PBO nets resulted in higher mosquito mortality (risk ratio (RR) 1.84, 95% CI 1.60 to 2.11; 14,620 mosquitoes, 5 trials, 9 comparisons, high‐certainty evidence) and lower blood feed...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with pyrethroids in insecticide-treated nets to prevent malaria in Africa

Gleave

Lissenden

Richardson

et al. 2018

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

102

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“…Despite the observed insecticide resistance to pyrethroids, LLINs continue to offer personal protection against mosquito bites [6] and should still be used for malaria control. The use of nets containing piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and insecticide can be useful for restoring the efficacy of insecticides used in LLINs where metabolic resistance is present [28, 29]. Additionally, targeting juvenile stages of mosquitoes using larvicides can help existing vector control activities to maintain the gains made in malaria control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) of The Gambia

et al. 2019

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Background Vector control activities, namely long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), have contributed significantly to the decreasing malaria burden observed in The Gambia since 2008. Nevertheless, insecticide resistance may threaten such success; it is important to regularly assess the susceptibility of local malaria vectors to available insecticides. Methods In the transmission seasons of 2016 and 2017, Anopheles gambiae ( s.l .) larvae were sampled in or around the nine vector surveillance sentinel sites of the Gambia National Malaria Control Programme (GNMCP) and in a few additional sampling points. Using WHO susceptibility bioassays, female adult mosquitoes were exposed to insecticide-impregnated papers. Molecular identification of sibling species and insecticide resistance molecular markers was done on a subset of 2000 female mosquitoes. Results A total of 4666 wild-caught female adult mosquitoes were exposed to either permethrin ( n = 665), deltamethrin ( n = 744), DDT ( n = 1021), bendiocarb ( n = 990) or pirimiphos-methyl ( n = 630) insecticide-impregnated papers and control papers ( n = 616). Among the 2000 anophelines, 1511 (80.7%) were Anopheles arabiensis , 204 (10.9%) Anopheles coluzzii , 75 (4%) Anopheles gambiae ( s.s. ), and 83 (4.4%) An. gambiae ( s.s. ) and An. coluzzii hybrids. There was a significant variation in the composition and species distribution by regions and year, P = 0.009. Deltamethrin, permethrin and DDT resistance was found in An. arabiensis, especially in the coastal region, and was mediated by Vgsc-1014F/S mutations (odds ratio = 34, P = 0.014). There was suspected resistance to pirimiphos-methyl (actellic 300CS) in the North Bank Region although only one survivor had the Ace-1 -119S mutation. Conclusions As no confirmed resistance to bendiocarb and actellic 300CS was detected, the national malaria control programme can continue using these insecticides for IRS. Nevertheless, the detection of Ace-1 119S mutation warrants extensive monitoring. The source of insecticide pressure driving insecticide resistance to pyrethroids and DDT detected at the coastal region should be further investigated in order to properly manage the spread of resistance in The Gambia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3538-0) cont...

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“…Currently, pyrethroids are the only class of insecticides used on ITNs [11], although combination nets treated with multiple insecticides are in various stages of testing [12][13][14]. Pyrethroids target the central nervous system to kill mosquitoes and reduce the transmission of malaria by incapacitating the vector [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae not associated with insecticide-treated mosquito net effectiveness across sub-Saharan Africa

Larsen

Church

2020

Preprint

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Background Pyrethroid resistance is a major concern for malaria vector control programs that predominantly rely on insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITN). Contradictory results of the impact of resistance have been observed in field studies. Methods We combined continent-wide estimates of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae from 2006-2017 with continent-wide survey data to assess the effect of increasing pyrethroid resistance on the effectiveness of ITNs to prevent malaria infections in sub-Saharan Africa. We utilized both a pooled-data approach and meta-regression of survey regions to assess how pyrethroid resistance affects the association between ITN ownership and malaria outcomes in children aged 6-59 months. Findings ITN ownership reduced the risk of malaria outcomes in both pooled and meta-regression approaches. In the pooled analysis, there was no observed interaction between ITN ownership and estimated level of pyrethroid resistance (Likelihood ratio [LR] test = 1.127 for the outcome of rapid diagnostic test confirmed malaria infection, p = 0.2885; LR test = 0.161 for the outcome of microscopy confirmed malaria infection, p = 0.161; LR test = 0.646 for the outcome of moderate or severe anemia, p = 0.4215). In the meta-regression approach the level of pyrethroid resistance did not explain any of the variance in subnational estimates of ITN effectiveness for any of the outcomes. Interpretation ITNs decreased risk of malaria outcomes independent of the levels of pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector populations.

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A village level cluster-randomized entomological evaluation of combination long-lasting insecticidal nets containing pyrethroid plus PBO synergist in Southern Mali

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with pyrethroids in insecticide-treated nets to prevent malaria in Africa

Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with pyrethroids in insecticide-treated nets to prevent malaria in Africa

Status of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) of The Gambia

Pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae not associated with insecticide-treated mosquito net effectiveness across sub-Saharan Africa

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