A Virtual MIMO Dual-Hop Architecture Based on Hybrid Spatial Modulation

Abstract

International audienceIn this paper, we propose a novel Virtual Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (VMIMO) architecture based on the concept of Spatial Modulation (SM). Using a dual-hop and Decode-and-Forward protocol, we form a distributed system, called Dual-Hop Hybrid SM (DH-HSM). DH-HSM conveys information from a Source Node (SN) to a Destination Node (DN) via multiple Relay Nodes (RNs). The spatial position of the RNs is exploited for transferring information in addition to, or even without, a conventional symbol. In order to increase the performance of our architecture, while keeping the complexity of the RNs and DN low, we employ linear precoding using Channel State Information (CSI) at the SN. In this way, we form a Receive-Spatial Modulation (R-SM) pattern from the SN to the RNs, which is able to employ a centralized coordinated or a distributed uncoordinated detection algorithm at the RNs. In addition, we focus on the SN and propose two regularized linear precoding methods that employ realistic Imperfect Channel State Information at the Transmitter. The power of each precoder is analyzed theoretically. Using the Bit Error Rate (BER) metric, we evaluate our architecture against the following benchmark systems: 1) single relay; 2) best relay selection; 3) distributed Space Time Block Coding (STBC) VMIMO scheme; and 4) the direct communication link. We show that DH-HSM is able to achieve significant Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) gains, which can be as high as 10.5 dB for a very large scale system setup. In order to verify our simulation results, we provide an analytical framework for the evaluation of the Average Bit Error Probability (ABEP)

Transmitter-Precoding-Aided Spatial Modulation Achieving Both Transmit and Receive Diversity

“…However, both the SMLDs have much lower complexity than the JMLD. Specifically, the complexity of the SMLD can be readily analyzed from (21) and (25), which is…”

“…Based on the principles of PSM, different PSM schemes have been proposed and investigated, and some of them are referred to as the receive spatial modulation (RSM) [21][22][23][24][25]. In more detail, by introducing the RSM to the multi-user MIMO, the authors of [21] have proposed and investigated a multistream RSM scheme.…”

“…In order to enhance the spectral efficiency of the MIMO spatial multiplexing (SMX) system, a dual-layered transmission scheme has been proposed in [24], where RSM is applied to a joint spatial and power-level domain. In [25], a hybrid SM-assisted relay scheme has been composed, where a RSM is implemented for the source-torelay transmission, and a SM is used for supporting the relayto-destination transmission. The generalization of PSM, i.e., GPSM, has been addressed in [26].…”

Performance Analysis of Non-Linear Generalized Pre-Coding Aided Spatial Modulation

“…In [23], a large-scale MIMO regime was proposed, where the user's sub-channel index was exploited for conveying extra implicit information. In [24], the conventional SM and the GPSM scheme were beneficially combined into hybrid SM for dual-hop relay-aided communications. In [25], a novel Pre-coding aided Differential Spatial Modulation (PDSM) was proposed, which is an extension of the Differential Spatial Modulation (DSM) proposed for the first time in [26].…”

Average Bit Error Probability of Receive-Spatial Modulation using zero-forcing precoding

“…The theoretical performance analysis of R-SM is provided in [10]. In this paper, we employ the framework proposed in [10] in order to provide new analytical bounds on the Average Bit Error Probability (ABEP) of R-SM when: i) the precoding method is Zero-Forcing (ZF); ii) CSIT is perfect; and iii) the fading channel is Rayleigh.…”