A Visual Approach for the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) Outbreak Data Analysis

Hua, Jie; Wang, Guohua; Huang, Mao Lin; Hua, Shuyang; Yang, Shuanghe

doi:10.3390/ijerph17113973

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Beta-coronaviruses' key characteristics are rapid mutation, varied tissue tropism, crossspecies communication, and adaptation to various epidemiological circumstances [45,[47][48][49]. According to the investigations, the COVID-19 virus's causative agent shares 89, 82, and 96.3% nucleotide similarity with SARS-like CoV ZXC21, SARS-CoV, and bat CoV RaTG13, respectively [50,51]. Physical contact and fomites are the most prevalent routes for respiratory illnesses to spread.…”

Section: Covid-19: a Brief Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Interventions in the Management of COVID-19: Prevention, Diagnosis and Virus-Like Particle Vaccines

et al. 2021

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SARS-CoV-2 claimed numerous lives and put nations on high alert. The lack of antiviral medications and the small number of approved vaccines, as well as the recurrence of adverse effects, necessitates the development of novel treatment ways to combat COVID-19. In this context, using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, we gathered information about nanotechnology’s involvement in the prevention, diagnosis and virus-like particle vaccine development. This review revealed that various nanomaterials like gold, polymeric, graphene and poly amino ester with carboxyl group coated magnetic nanoparticles have been explored for the fast detection of SARS-CoV-2. Personal protective equipment fabricated with nanoparticles, such as gloves, masks, clothes, surfactants, and Ag, TiO2 based disinfectants played an essential role in halting COVID-19 transmission. Nanoparticles are used not only in vaccine delivery, such as lipid nanoparticles mediated transport of mRNA-based Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, but also in the development of vaccine as the virus-like particles elicit an immune response. There are now 18 virus-like particle vaccines in pre-clinical development, with one of them, developed by Novavax, reported being in phase 3 trials. Due to the probability of upcoming COVID-19 waves, and the rise of new diseases, the future relevance of virus-like particles is imperative. Furthermore, psychosocial variables linked to vaccine reluctance constitute a critical problem that must be addressed immediately to avert pandemic.

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Section: Covid-19: a Brief Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnology Interventions in the Management of COVID-19: Prevention, Diagnosis and Virus-Like Particle Vaccines

et al. 2021

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“…A total of 8,432 cases and 813 deaths were reported for SARS from 17 March 2003 to 11 July 2003. SARS-CoV-1 was officially contained on 5 July 2003, within 9 months of its appearance ( 3 ). In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 remains a significant global threat nearly 2 years after its emergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Development of Therapeutics for COVID-19

et al. 2021

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“…Geographic visualization shows the geographical location and related information of all epidemic areas in an intuitive way; timeline visualization provides visualize temporal data in a specific period; spatiotemporal visualization combines geographical area and time interval to explore the deeper meaning of data. Those approaches are widely used in the COVID-19 pandemic, such as assessing the geographic risk of COVID-19 transmission [ 3 ], monitoring the control measures [ 4 ], presenting the timeline of COVID-19 outbreak [ 5 ], etc. Despite the variety of data visualization methods, for the pandemic disease like COVID-19, there is limited method to comprehensively demonstrate the global epidemic in one graph through constructing multi-dimensional core indicators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal visualization for the global COVID-19 surveillance by balloon chart

Pang

Liang

Cheng³

et al. 2021

Infect Dis Poverty

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Background Considering the widespread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the world, it is important to understand the spatiotemporal development of the pandemic. In this study, we aimed to visualize time-associated alterations of COVID-19 in the context of continents and countries. Methods Using COVID-19 case and death data from February to December 2020 offered by Johns Hopkins University, we generated time-associated balloon charts with multiple epidemiological indicators including crude case fatality rate (CFR), morbidity, mortality and the total number of cases, to compare the progression of the pandemic within a specific period across regions and countries, integrating seven related dimensions together. The area chart is used to supplement the display of the balloon chart in daily new COVID-19 case changes in UN geographic regions over time. Javascript and Vega-Lite were chosen for programming and mapping COVID-19 data in browsers for visualization. Results From February 1st to December 20th 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic spread across UN subregions in the chronological order. It was first reported in East Asia, and then became noticeable in Europe (South, West and North), North America, East Europe and West Asia, Central and South America, Southern Africa, Caribbean, South Asia, North Africa, Southeast Asia and Oceania, causing several waves of epidemics in different regions. Since October, the balloons of Europe, North America and West Asia have been rising rapidly, reaching a dramatically high morbidity level ranging from 200 to 500/10 000 by December, suggesting an emerging winter wave of COVID-19 which was much bigger than the previous ones. By late December 2020, some European and American countries displayed a leading mortality as high as or over 100/100 000, represented by Belgium, Czechia, Spain, France, Italy, UK, Hungary, Bulgaria, Peru, USA, Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico. The mortality of Iran was the highest in Asia (over 60/100 000), and that of South Africa topped in Africa (40/100 000). In the last 15 days, the CFRs of most countries were at low levels of less than 5%, while Mexico had exceptional high CFR close to 10%. Conclusions We creatively used visualization integrating 7-dimensional epidemiologic and spatiotemporal indicators to assess the progression of COVID-19 pandemic in terms of transmissibility and severity. Such methodology allows public health workers and policy makers to understand the epidemics comparatively and flexibly.

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A Visual Approach for the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) Outbreak Data Analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

Nanotechnology Interventions in the Management of COVID-19: Prevention, Diagnosis and Virus-Like Particle Vaccines

Nanotechnology Interventions in the Management of COVID-19: Prevention, Diagnosis and Virus-Like Particle Vaccines

Identification and Development of Therapeutics for COVID-19

Spatiotemporal visualization for the global COVID-19 surveillance by balloon chart

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