A wall-less vessel phantom for Doppler ultrasound studies

Rickey, Daniel W.; Picot, Paul A.; Christopher, D.A.; Fenster, Aaron

doi:10.1016/0301-5629(95)00044-5

Cited by 211 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The flow phantom consisted of a 200-μm diameter cellulose tube embedded in a tissue-mimicking material at a depth of 1 cm (attenuation is 2.4 dB/cm at 10 MHz). The tissue-mimicking material was comprised of 90% (by weight) distilled water, 3% agar, 4% glycerol, and 3% silicon carbide particles as the scatterers [34]. Glycerol was used to increase the acoustic velocity to that of tissue, and scattering particles were used to provide the desired acoustic attenuation.…”

Section: B Acoustical Methods and Experimental Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-frequency dynamics of ultrasound contrast agents

Sun

Kruse

Dayton

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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Ultrasound contrast agents enhance echoes from the microvasculature and enable the visualization of flow in smaller vessels. Here, we optically and acoustically investigate microbubble oscillation and echoes following insonation with a 10 MHz center frequency pulse. A high-speed camera system with a temporal resolution of 10 ns, which provides two-dimensional (2-D) frame images and streak images, is used in optical experiments. Two confocally aligned transducers, transmitting at 10 MHz and receiving at 5 MHz, are used in acoustical experiments in order to detect subharmonic components. Results of a numerical evaluation of the modified Rayleigh-Plesset equation are used to predict the dynamics of a microbubble and are compared to results of in vitro experiments. From the optical observations of a single microbubble, nonlinear oscillation, destruction, and radiation force are observed. The maximum bubble expansion, resulting from insonation with a 20-cycle, 10-MHz linear chirp with a peak negative pressure of 3.5 MPa, has been evaluated. For an initial diameter ranging from 1.5 to 5 μm, a maximum diameter less than 8 μm is produced during insonation. Optical and acoustical experiments provide insight into the mechanisms of destruction, including fragmentation and active diffusion. High-frequency pulse transmission may provide the opportunity to detect contrast echoes resulting from a single pulse, may be robust in the presence of tissue motion, and may provide the opportunity to incorporate high-frequency ultrasound into destructionreplenishment techniques.

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Section: B Acoustical Methods and Experimental Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-frequency dynamics of ultrasound contrast agents

Sun

Kruse

Dayton

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…Flow phantoms usually consist of a pump that circulate fluid, a channel through which fluid flows, and a tissue-mimicking phantom that surrounds the channel (Dabrowski et al 2001;Peopping et al 2002;Rickey et al 1995). Flow phantoms can be designed to allow accurate reproduction of complex vascular geometries, easy modeling of flow properties using mathematical simulations, and good mimicking of thermal and/or acoustic tissue properties (Law et al 1989;Peopping et al 2002;Vella et al 2003;Rickey et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flow phantoms can be designed to allow accurate reproduction of complex vascular geometries, easy modeling of flow properties using mathematical simulations, and good mimicking of thermal and/or acoustic tissue properties (Law et al 1989;Peopping et al 2002;Vella et al 2003;Rickey et al 1995). These phantoms have been used previously in ultrasound research, for example in determination of accuracy of B-mode and Doppler ultrasound imaging (Rickey et al 1995;Walker et al 2004), assessment of new ultrasound imaging methods (Potdevin et al 2004), and studies of flow in diseased blood vessels (Peopping et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a significant variation in the construction of flow phantoms, depending on their application (Dabrowski et al 2001;Peopping et al 2002;Rickey et al 1995). When the exact flow through the phantom must be known, a rigid tube is often used to form the channel, providing a known and inflexible geometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the exact flow through the phantom must be known, a rigid tube is often used to form the channel, providing a known and inflexible geometry. Studies using acrylic, heat-shrink tubing (Rickey et al 1995), dialysis tubing (Potdevin et al 2004), polyester resin (Frayne et al 1993), and quartz (Law et al 1998) have been reported. However, all of these materials have high attenuation and acoustic impedance and introduce an impedance mismatch between the channel and tissue/blood mimicking material (Law et al 1998), leading to reflection and other artifacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pulsatile Flow Phantom for Ultrasound Image-Guided HIFU Treatment of Vascular Injuries

Greaby

Zderic

Vaezy

2007

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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A pulsatile flow phantom was developed for studies of ultrasound image-guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) application in transcutaneous hemostasis of injured blood vessels. The flow phantom consisted of a pulsatile pump system with instrumented excised porcine carotid artery, which was imbedded in a transparent agarose gel to model structural configuration of in-vivo tissues. Heparinized porcine blood was circulated through the phantom. The artery was injured using an 18 Gauge needle to model a penetrating injury in human peripheral vasculature. A HIFU transducer with the diameter of 7 cm, focal length of 6.3 cm and frequency of 3.4 MHz was used to seal the puncture. Ultrasound imaging was used to localize and target the puncture site, and monitor the HIFU treatment. Triphasic blood flows present in the human arteries were reproduced, with flow rates of 50-500 ml/min, pulse rates of 62-138 beats/min, and peak pressures of 100-250 mmHg. The penetrating injury of an artery was mimicked successfully in the flow phantom setting, and was easily visualized both optically through the transparent gel and with Power Doppler ultrasound imaging. Hemostasis was achieved in 55 ± 31 s (n=9) of HIFU application. Histological observations showed that a HIFU-sealed puncture was filled with clotted blood and covered with a fibrin cap. The pulsatile flow phantom provides a controlled and repeatable environment for studies of transcutaneous imageguided HIFU application in hemostasis of a variety of blood vessel injuries.

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Anthropomorphic carotid bifurcation phantom for MRI applications

Smith

Rutt

Holdsworth

1999

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging

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Anthropomorphic carotid bifurcation flow phantoms that incorporate different stenotic geometries within the internal carotid artery have been developed. This technique produces high‐fidelity, life‐size vascular flow models that are compatible with magnetic resonance techniques. The models, in conjunction with a computer‐controlled flow pump, address the need for a complex vascular geometry that can be used to verify magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) techniques that quantify stenosis severity and blood flow. Stenotic geometries, with up to 80% diameter reduction, have been fabricated in two different phantom materials. Plastic phantoms provide a durable, rigid geometry where the absolute dimensions of the model are well known. Agar gel phantoms provide tissue‐like signal (T1, T2) up to the lumen boundary and are also compatible with ultrasound techniques. In this paper the technique to produce vascular flow phantoms is outlined and the compatibility of these phantoms with MRA techniques is demonstrated. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:533–544. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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A wall-less vessel phantom for Doppler ultrasound studies

Cited by 211 publications

References 31 publications

High-frequency dynamics of ultrasound contrast agents

High-frequency dynamics of ultrasound contrast agents

Pulsatile Flow Phantom for Ultrasound Image-Guided HIFU Treatment of Vascular Injuries

Anthropomorphic carotid bifurcation phantom for MRI applications

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