A Whole Body Counter for Serial Studies of Total Body Potassium

Johny, K.V.; Worthley, B. W.; Lawrence, J. R.; O'Halloran, M.W.

doi:10.1042/cs0390319

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…Strong homogeneous acid catalysts, e.g. sulphuric acid, have been used [6][7][8][9], but the effluent disposal leads to environmental problems and economical inconveniences. These problems can be overcome by the use of solid acid catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methoxylation of α-pinene over poly(vinyl alcohol) containing sulfonic acid groups

Pito

Fonseca

Ramos

et al. 2009

Chemical Engineering Journal

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a b s t r a c tThe methoxylation of ␣-pinene was studied using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing sulfonic acid groups as catalysts. These groups were introduced by the direct reaction between -OH groups of PVA and sulfosuccinic acid (SSA). Poly(vinyl alcohol) catalysts were prepared using sulfosuccinic acid by varying the amount of SSA (5-40 mol%). It was observed that the amount of acid sites increases with amount of SSA. It was also observed that the diffusivity of ␣-pinene through the polymeric catalysts decreases with the increase of crosslinking degree.The conversion of ␣-pinene increases when the amount of sulfosuccinic acid used in the polymer crosslinking is increased from 5% to 40%. However, when the crosslinking degree increases from 20% to 40%, the conversion of ␣-pinene increases only slightly.Good values of selectivity to ␣-terpinyl methyl ether (about 60% near complete conversion) were obtained over poly(vinyl alcohol) with sulfonic acid groups.Catalytic stability of the PVA SSA20 was evaluated by performing consecutive batch runs with the same catalyst sample. After the third batch it was observed a stabilisation of the initial activity.A kinetic model was developed assuming that the ␣-pinene is consumed according to the parallel reaction network. Since the concentration profiles of the reagent and the products do not exhibit any pronounced initial inductive period, the external and internal diffusion of the reagents and products on the catalyst were not considered. It was observed that the kinetic model fits experimental concentration data quite well.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%