A Wideband IQ-Mapping Direct-Digital RF Modulator for 5G Transmitters

Shen, Yiyu; Bootsman, Rob; Alavi, Morteza S.; Vreede, L.C.N. de

doi:10.1109/jssc.2022.3144362

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…11. It is categorized into interleaving [11], [20], [27] and non-interleaving modes [29], [32], featuring Cartesian or multi-phase operation utilizing LO clocks with different duty cycle. The multi-phase mode exploits the I/Q to multi-phase mapping.…”

Section: Digital Transmitter Modes Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17. In a Cartesian mode, these controlling signals are I/Q sign bits [I BB,UP [11] (Sign I ) and Q BB,UP [11] (Sign Q )]. The multi-phase operation modes demand 3-bit selection control signals to cover 8-octant, as discussed earlier.…”

Section: ) Delay Alignment and Phase Selectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address these demands, digital TXs (DTXs) have emerged as favorable alternative architectures as they supplant the functionality of the conventional analog-intensive TXs circuit blocks, such as the baseband digital-to-analog converters (DACs), low-pass filter, mixer, and power amplifier (PA) with a single radio frequency DAC (RF-DAC) block [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15]. These DTXs consist of many unit cells comprising digital interpolation filters, bit-wise implicit mixers, and their digital PAs (DPAs).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, their Cartesian DTX [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [19] variants do not require a CORDIC, thus lowering the computing cost. The upconverted I BB /Q BB digital samples drive their respected RF-DACs that produce two RF signal components whose amplitudes are ideally proportional to the respective I/Q digital inputs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Wideband Energy-Efficient Multi-Mode CMOS Digital Transmitter

Beikmirza

Shen

Vreede

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents a wideband, energy-efficient digital transmitter (DTX) suitable for multi-mode/multi-band wireless communication applications. It features various operation modes comprising Cartesian (Modes-1/-2) and multi-phase (Modes-3/-4) configurations utilizing LO clocks with different duty cycle in the interleaving/non-interleaving configurations. The multi-phase operation compromises polar and Cartesian features by mapping the I/ Q signals into two non-orthogonal basis vectors with a 45 • relative phase difference and a 3-bit phase selector scheme. The different operation modes are extensively analyzed and compared. Fabricated in a 40-nm CMOS process with an off-chip matching network, the proposed DTX occupies a core area of 0.72 mm 2 and delivers 23.18-dBm RF peak power at 2.1 GHz from a 0.95-V supply voltage with drain/system efficiencies of 66.26%/52.59%, respectively. Utilizing a simple memory-less digital pre-distortion (DPD) for a 160-MHz four-channel 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal, the DTX delivers an average P Out of 13.5/11.4/7.7/9.4 dBm, achieving an adjacent channel leakage (power) ratio (ACL(P)R) of better than −42/−40/−40/−38 dBc and an average error vector magnitude (EVM) of −36/−34/−34/−32 dB, operating in Modes-1/-2/-3/-4, respectively. While transmitting a 200-MHz single-channel 256 (1024)-QAM OFDM signal at 2.4 GHz in Modes-1/-4, the average delivered output power is 14.11/9.29 (12.23/7.32) dBm with average drain and system efficiencies of 33.17%/26.3% (23.82%/22.83%) and 24.81%/22.85% (19.34%/18.81%), while the ACLR and EVM are better than −42/−41 (−43/−43) dBc and −34.6/−33.1 (−33.5/−33.9) dB, respectively.

show abstract

Section: Digital Transmitter Modes Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Delay Alignment and Phase Selectormentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Wideband Energy-Efficient Multi-Mode CMOS Digital Transmitter

Beikmirza

Shen

Vreede

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fifth-generation technology increases channel capacity with more bandwidth per carrier (from 5 to 400 MHz) [ 40 ], being spectrally more efficient due to the higher orders of the modulation schemes [ 41 , 42 ]. Previously employed in 4G, the multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) technique simultaneously uses multiple antennas with multiple channels for signal transmission and reception, increasing channel bandwidth and maintaining antenna efficiency without requiring additional power [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Mobile Communications in Colombia and Introduction to 5G

Barrios-Ulloa

Cama-Pinto

Arrabal-Campos

et al. 2023

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The deployment of 5G around the world continues to progress at a rapid pace, especially in North America and Asia. Its advantages and efficiency as a data transmission network have been widely demonstrated in different fields such as agriculture, education, health, and surveillance. However, this process does not have the same dynamics in Latin America, specifically in Colombia. The country is currently implementing actions aimed at facilitating the deployment of this technology in the short term, including pilot tests for the use of the radio spectrum, spectrum auctions, the planning of future auctions, and the review of spectrum caps. The results of this review allow us to conclude that despite the forecasts and the intentions of the Colombian government and mobile communication service operators, 5G in standalone mode will not be commercially available in Colombia before the end of 2023. The main failures in its deployment are related to the lack of available spectrum to support the ultrahigh-reliability and low-latency, enhanced mobile broadband, and massive machine-type communications scenarios, as well as the delay in the auction processes for its assignment.

show abstract

High-Speed Optically Tunable RF Signal Generation with Low Power Threshold Based on On-Chip Germanium Photoelectric Effect

Yue,

Yan,

Xiong

et al. 2024

ACS Photonics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Radio frequency (RF) signal modulation and generation are crucial technologies for advanced radar systems and high-speed wireless communications. Compared with traditional electronic RF modulators, optically tunable RF modulators offer a wide bandwidth, rapid response, and dynamic tuning, among other features. These characteristics render these modulators viable solutions for satisfying the evolving demands of modern wireless communication systems. However, their practical applications are challenging due to their lack of scalability and compactness, as well as their high optical power requirements. This study demonstrates the generation of optically tunable microwave signals using an optically tunable silicon-based RF modulator. The optical tuning was achieved through the photoelectric effect of the germanium absorption region on a silicon photonic platform. When light is incident on the Ge absorption region, it generates charge carriers, thereby altering the equivalent circuit parameters of the device. Consequently, the frequency response of the RF modulators is altered. This effect was used for the generation of amplitude-frequency coded microwave signals at 1, 2.5, and 5 MHz. Both the optical power required for tuning and the response speed are orders of magnitude lower than those of free-space-illumination-based devices. Additionally, the generation of microwave signals was demonstrated by applying this modulator to an optically tunable RF oscillator, with a frequency-tuning range from 1 to 14.5 GHz.

show abstract

A Wideband IQ-Mapping Direct-Digital RF Modulator for 5G Transmitters

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

A Wideband Energy-Efficient Multi-Mode CMOS Digital Transmitter

A Wideband Energy-Efficient Multi-Mode CMOS Digital Transmitter

Overview of Mobile Communications in Colombia and Introduction to 5G

High-Speed Optically Tunable RF Signal Generation with Low Power Threshold Based on On-Chip Germanium Photoelectric Effect

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About