A window into immunoglobulin quantitation and plasma cell disease: antigen epitopes defined by the junction of immunoglobulin heavy and light chains

Katzmann, Jerry A.; Rajkumar, S. Vincent

doi:10.1038/leu.2012.201

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Concurrent IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in AML are absent [131] or very rare [118,132,133], and TET2 and IDH mutations are mutually exclusive [84]. In primary myelofibrosis, IDH mutations may identify patients at risk for premature death and/or leukemic transformation [134]. …”

Section: Hematological Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Human Cancers

Mariani

Madžo

Moen

et al. 2013

Cancers

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Prior to 2009, 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) was thought to be the only biologically significant cytosine modification in mammalian DNA. With the discovery of the TET enzymes, which convert 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), however, intense interest has emerged in determining the biological function of 5-hmC. Here, we review the techniques used to study 5-hmC and evidence that alterations to 5-hmC physiology play a functional role in the molecular pathogenesis of human cancers.

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Section: Hematological Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Human Cancers

Mariani

Madžo

Moen

et al. 2013

Cancers

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“…The rHLC assessment of clonality has been reported to be useful for diagnosing and monitoring MM patients (9 ) and also for the diagnosis and monitoring of broadly migrating monoclonal Igs that are difficult to identify by electrophoretic methods (10 ). The IgA HLC assays should also prove useful for monitoring ␤-migrating monoclonal IgA proteins (8,11 ). The aims of this study were to validate the performance of the HLC assays for routine use in the clinical laboratory and to examine the utility of these assays in relation to that of electrophoretic assays and Ig quantification for monitoring monoclonal proteins.…”

confidence: 99%

Monitoring IgA Multiple Myeloma: Immunoglobulin Heavy/Light Chain Assays

Katzmann

Willrich²,

Kohlhagen³

et al. 2015

Clinical Chemistry

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BACKGROUND The use of electrophoresis to monitor monoclonal immunoglobulins migrating in the β fraction may be difficult because of their comigration with transferrin and complement proteins. METHODS Immunoassays specific for IgGκ, IgGλ, IgAκ, IgAλ, IgMκ, and IgMλ heavy/light chain (HLC) were validated for use in the clinical laboratory. We assessed sample stability, inter- and intraassay variability, linearity, accuracy, and reference intervals for all 6 assays. We tested accuracy by verifying that the sum of the concentrations for the HLC-pairs accounted for the total immunoglobulins in each of 129 healthy sera, and that the HLC-pair ratios (rHLCs) were outside the reference interval in 97% of 518 diagnostic multiple myeloma (MM) samples. RESULTS We assessed diagnostic samples and posttreatment sera in 32 IgG and 30 IgA patients for HLC concentrations, rHLC, and total immunoglobulins and compared these nephelometry results with serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE). In sample sets from patients with IgG MM, the sensitivity of SPEP was almost the same as for rHLC, and no additional advantage was conferred by running HLC assays. In pre- and posttreatment samples from patients with IgA MM, the SPEP, rHLC, and IFE identified clonality in 28%, 56%, and 61%, respectively. In addition, when M-spikes were quantifiable, the concentration of the involved HLC was linearly related to that of the SPEP M-spike, with a slope near 1. CONCLUSIONS The use of IgA HLC assays for monitoring β-migrating IgA monoclonal proteins can substitute for the combination of SPEP, IFE, and total IgA quantification.

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“…The heavy light chain (HLC) immunoassay quantifies light chain types of each immunoglobulin (Ig), enabling the calculation of ratios of HLC pairs (Katzmann & Rajkumar, ). This assay measures the light chain types of each Ig (G/A/K), generating ratios of monoclonal Ig/background polyclonal Ig concentrations as paired ratios.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Study Patients and Results Of Hlc And Flcmentioning

confidence: 99%