A world of difference? Domain-specific views on aging in China, the US, and Germany.

Voss, Peggy; Kornadt, Anna Elena; Hess, Thomas M.; Fung, Helene H.; Rothermund, Klaus

doi:10.1037/pag0000237

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Given that roughly two-thirds of the instruments in our collection originate in the USA, it is likely that the included instruments reflect mostly Western, and particularly North American ideas with regards to VoA (Löckenhoff et al 2009;Voss et al 2018). Furthermore, two-thirds of the instruments included here have been validated with adult and older adult samples only.…”

Section: Limitations and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

The assessment of views on ageing: a review of self-report measures and innovative extensions

et al. 2020

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This is a review of existing self-report measures for assessing views on ageing. It provides an overview of instruments, for which basic psychometric properties are available and describes them according to the purposes for which they are suitable. Literature search resulted in the inclusion of 89 instruments which were categorised along eight dimensions. The majority of measures focus on explicit cognitions about people's own age and ageing or other (older) people. A substantial amount of tools account for the multidimensionality and multidirectionality of views on ageing, i.e. the idea that ageing is accompanied by both gains and losses in several different domains. To some extent, measures reflect that ageing is a long-term process and that views on ageing are malleable, rather than just stable traits. Cluster analysis revealed heterogeneity in instruments regarding the dimensions of Ecosystem, Balance, Stability, Dynamics, and Complexity. It becomes apparent, however, that approaches to measure views on ageing should be extended to more specifically target the implicit level as well as affective, physiological, and behavioural manifestations. Additionally, means for capturing views on ageing on the societal level and tools with a distinct time reference are needed. This is particularly important when one wants to account for the lifelong dynamics of views on ageing.

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Section: Limitations and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

The assessment of views on ageing: a review of self-report measures and innovative extensions

et al. 2020

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“…The AARC-10 SF (1) and the AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale (8) are suitable to be used in long surveys or as screening tools to identify those people at greater risk of poor mental and physical health and/or cognitive decline (1,10). In order to use these measures in the UK, due to potential cross-cultural differences in AARC, it is important to rst explore their psychometric properties in the UK population aged 50 and over (11). German participants, for example, report fewer AARC gains, assessed with the AARC-10 SF, than US participants (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

International relevance of Two Measures of Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC)

Sabatini

Ukoumunne

Ballard

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background A questionnaire assessing awareness of positive and negative age-related changes (AARC gains and losses) was developed in the US and Germany. We validated the short form of the measure (AARC-10 SF) and the cognitive functioning subscale from the 50-item version of the AARC (AARC-50) questionnaire in the UK population aged 50 and over. Methods Data from 14,797 participants in the PROTECT cohort were used to explore and confirm the psychometric properties of the AARC measures including: validity of the factor structure; reliability; measurement invariance across males and females and across individuals with and without a university degree; and convergent validity with measures of self-perception of aging and mental, physical, and cognitive health. We also explored the relationship between demographic variables and AARC. Results We confirmed the two-factor structure (gains and losses) of the AARC-10 SF and the AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale. Both scales showed good reliability and convergent validity. The meaning of AARC gains and losses was the same across males and females and across individuals with and without a university degree. Items composing AARC scales had the same meaning across individuals with and without a university degree. Items composing the AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale had the same meaning across males and females. Two items in the AARC-10 SF had different meaning across males and females. Demographic variables significantly predicted AARC gains and losses. Conclusions The AARC-10 SF and AARC-50 cognitive functioning subscale can help to identify UK individuals who perceive age-related changes in their mental, physical, and cognitive health.

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“…The aging population has become a serious social problem around the world, especially in China, the most populated nation. China has become an "aging society" in 2000 and has experienced an unprecedented process in its aging population [1,2] . In 2017, there were 241 million people who were 60 years of age and 158 million who were 65 years of age in China, accounting for 17.3% and 11.4% of the total population respectively [3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, this study aims to (1) understand LTC current situation and needs differences of the urban and rural elderly at different age group using nationally representative longitudinal data from China; (2) analyze the contributing factors causing the different LTC needs of the elderly, and focus on the urban-rural differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban-rural differences in long-term care service status and needs among home-based elderly people in China

Zhang

Zeng

Ying

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Long-term care (LTC) needs for the elderly have become increasingly crucial policy concerns in rapidly aging Asia, especially in China, the most populous nation. However, very few studies have examined the cohort differences in terms of their existing and expected utilization of LTC services, above all urban-rural differences. This study aims to evaluate the differences of LTC current status and needs between urban-rural areas and to identify influencing factors causing the different LTC needs. Methods: The data comes from the Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey in 2014. 7192 home-based elderly aged ≥65 years by multistage sampling were enrolled. The Andersen Model was applied to categorize the influential factors into three components including predisposing, enabling and needs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influential factors of the three levels of LTC needs. Results: A total of 6909 valid sample sizes were included in this study. The overall LTC needs of the elderly showed a rapidly increasing trend among which older people had the highest needs for bathing (27.29%) and toileting (15.8%). It was also demonstrated the aged cohort between urban and rural exerted an impact on all aspects of LTC status and needs to varying degrees (P＜0.05). Compared with urban areas, the LTC needs for the elderly in rural areas was more vigorous, but the supply was seriously inadequate. The elderly who were older, living in rural areas, unmarried, non-farming, with low income, in poor health, and less autonomy had higher anticipated needs for LTC services (ORs>1, P＜0.01). Compared with the young-old in rural, the young-old in urban were prone to live alone (ORs=1.61, P＜0.01). The elderly who were older, living in rural areas, farming, with low income, lonely and depressed had higher anticipated needs for community-based services (1＜ORs＜1.69, P＜0.05).Conclusions: The aged cohort in urban-rural distinction were facing an increasing need of immediate care due to the inadequate supports being provided, especially among rural elderly. The oldest old in rural areas had higher LTC needs, and different levels of needs were affected by age, economic level, family support and health status and other related effects. This study provides evidence-based recommendation for further improving the construction and development of the LTC system in China.

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A world of difference? Domain-specific views on aging in China, the US, and Germany.

Cited by 53 publications

References 37 publications

The assessment of views on ageing: a review of self-report measures and innovative extensions

The assessment of views on ageing: a review of self-report measures and innovative extensions

International relevance of Two Measures of Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC)

Urban-rural differences in long-term care service status and needs among home-based elderly people in China

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