Aberrant Forms of Algae and Bioindication of Aquatic Ecosystem State

Abstract

Paper presents the review of problems in the algal Teratogenesis and demonstrates the samples of aberrant forms generation in freshwater environment. Diversity of aberrant forms in green, diatom algae and cyanobacteria are demonstrated. In cyanobacteria was revealed aberrant forms in Microcystis and Woronichinia as enlarges of cell size and losses of gas vesicles. Green algae Ulothrix was found as dimorphic thalluses in filamentous and coccoid forms. Different diatom species were presented in diverse deformation of shells contour as well as the fine structure aberrance. Causes of teratogenesis were investigated, and revealed that absence of dissolved oxygen in water and decrease in water pH are critical factors for cyanobacteria and green algae aberrancy. But some diatom species were formed ugly cells under influence of sum of factors related to the technogenical pollution by heavy metals and boron. Therefore, these deformations of cells in diatom, green algae, and cyanobacteria can be used for bioindication of environment change.