Aberrant genome size and instability of Phytophthora ramorum oospore progenies

Vercauteren, Annelies; Boutet, Xavier; D'hondt, Liesbet; Bockstaele, Erik Van; Maes, Martine; Leus, Leen; Chandelier, Anne; Heungens, Kurt

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2011.01.008

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In addition to elevated genetic diversity, P. capsici genomes also had a remarkably high frequency of mitotic LOH occurring more commonly in gene rich areas. Mitotic genomic instability was also recently described in P. ramorum (Vercauteren et al 2011) , suggesting LOH may be a general characteristic of oomycetes. Here we show loss of pathogenicity and mating type switches are likely phenotypic consequences of mitotic LOH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Genome Sequencing and Mapping Reveal Loss of Heterozygosity as a Mechanism for Rapid Adaptation in the Vegetable Pathogen Phytophthora capsici

Lamour¹,

Mudge²,

Gobena³

et al. 2012

MPMI

249

207

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The oomycete vegetable pathogen Phytophthora capsici has shown remarkable adaptation to fungicides and new hosts. Like other members of this destructive genus, P. capsici has an explosive epidemiology, rapidly producing massive numbers of asexual spores on infected hosts. In addition, P. capsici can remain dormant for years as sexually-recombined oospores, making it difficult to produce crops at infested sites, and allowing outcrossing populations to maintain significant genetic variation. Genome sequencing, development of a high-density genetic map, and integrative genomic/genetic characterization of P. capsici field isolates and intercross progeny revealed significant mitotic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and higher levels of SNVs than those reported for humans, plants, and P. infestans. LOH was detected in clonally propagated field isolates and sexual progeny, cumulatively affecting >30% of the genome. LOH altered genotypes for more than 11,000 single nucleotide variant (SNV) sites and showed a strong association with changes in mating type and pathogenicity. Overall, it appears that LOH may provide a rapid mechanism for fixing alleles and may be an important component of adaptability for P. capsici.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Genome Sequencing and Mapping Reveal Loss of Heterozygosity as a Mechanism for Rapid Adaptation in the Vegetable Pathogen Phytophthora capsici

Lamour¹,

Mudge²,

Gobena³

et al. 2012

MPMI

249

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Isolates of P. ramorum (clade 8c) have also been evaluated for DNA content by flow cytometry using the same protocol as was used in our study [37]. These isolates had a stable DNA content of 0.146 pg DNA/2C (SE = 0.002, n = 3), which is assumed to represent the diploid state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In P. ramorum , a heterothallic species, crosses have been induced between different genotypes that have diverged as a consequence of geographical isolation [46]. The resulting oospore progenies were characterized by DNA content estimation and microsatellite genotyping [37]. A large proportion of the progeny showed DNA contents that were considerably larger (up to 70%) than their parental DNA content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Adaptation and Speciation through Hybridization and Polyploidy in Phytophthora

Bertier

Leus²,

D'hondt³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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It is becoming increasingly evident that interspecific hybridization is a common event in phytophthora evolution. Yet, the fundamental processes underlying interspecific hybridization and the consequences for its ecological fitness and distribution are not well understood. We studied hybridization events in phytophthora clade 8b. This is a cold-tolerant group of plant pathogenic oomycetes in which six host-specific species have been described that mostly attack winter-grown vegetables. Hybrid characterization was done by sequencing and cloning of two nuclear (ITS and Ypt1) and two mitochondrial loci (Cox1 and Nadh1) combined with DNA content estimation using flow cytometry. Three different mtDNA haplotypes were recovered among the presumed hybrid isolates, dividing the hybrids into three types, with different parental species involved. In the nuclear genes, additivity, i.e. the presence of two alleles coming from different parents, was detected. Hybrid isolates showed large variations in DNA content, which was positively correlated with the additivity in nuclear loci, indicating allopolyploid hybridization followed by a process of diploidization. Moreover, indications of homeologous recombination were found in the hybrids by cloning ITS products. The hybrid isolates have been isolated from a range of hosts that have not been reported previously for clade 8b species, indicating that they have novel pathogenic potential. Next to this, DNA content measurements of the non-hybrid clade 8b species suggest that polyploidy is a common feature of this clade. We hypothesize that interspecific hybridization and polyploidy are two linked phenomena in phytophthora, and that these processes might play an important and ongoing role in the evolution of this genus.

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“…They have also been successfully used on oomycetes (Si‐Ammour, 2002; Vercauteren, 2010). Figure 3 shows an example of genome size determination on Phytophthora ramorum taken from the work of Vercauteren et al . (2011).…”

Section: Applications Of Fcm In Plant Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of flow cytometry in plant pathology for genome size determination, detection and physiological status

D'hondt¹,

Höfte

Bockstaele

et al. 2011

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Flow cytometers are probably the most multipurpose laboratory devices available. They can analyse a vast and very diverse range of cell parameters. This technique has left its mark on cancer, human immunodeficiency virus and immunology research, and is indispensable in routine clinical diagnostics. Flow cytometry (FCM) is also a well-known tool for the detection and physiological status assessment of microorganisms in drinking water, marine environments, food and fermentation processes. However, flow cytometers are seldom used in plant pathology, despite FCM's major advantages as both a detection method and a research tool. Potential uses of FCM include the characterization of genome sizes of fungal and oomycete populations, multiplexed pathogen detection and the monitoring of the viability, culturability and gene expression of plant pathogens, and many others. This review provides an overview of the history, advantages and disadvantages of FCM, and focuses on the current applications and future possibilities of FCM in plant pathology.

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Aberrant genome size and instability of Phytophthora ramorum oospore progenies

Cited by 38 publications

References 43 publications

Genome Sequencing and Mapping Reveal Loss of Heterozygosity as a Mechanism for Rapid Adaptation in the Vegetable Pathogen Phytophthora capsici

Genome Sequencing and Mapping Reveal Loss of Heterozygosity as a Mechanism for Rapid Adaptation in the Vegetable Pathogen Phytophthora capsici

Host Adaptation and Speciation through Hybridization and Polyploidy in Phytophthora

Applications of flow cytometry in plant pathology for genome size determination, detection and physiological status

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