ABIES PINDROW (Royle ex D. Don) - AN ECOLOGICALLY AND ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT FIR OF WESTERN HIMALAYA

Abstract

Abies pindrow (Royle ex D. Don), commonly known as the Western Himalayan fir,is an ecologically significant plant species with a wide geographical distribution. The species is native to the Western Himalaya and the adjacent mountains, and is found in Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Nepal. It is typically a cold-adapted species that can survive a wide range of topographical factors. Variable climate, increased demand for fodder, fuel, and timber, as well as the human-induced pressure caused by inadequate grazing and urbanization, are the main factors that led to the plant losing its natural regeneration potential. As a result, it has been classified as "Least Concern" on the IUCN Red List. While the local communities rely heavily on this species for wood, fodder, fuel, and ornamental purposes, the species has been reported to have therapeutic potential against a variety of health ailments since ancient times. In this background, its propagation and conservation is becoming increasingly relevant for maintaining the environmental balance. In-vitro regeneration might be a suitable alternative for its long-term survival and growth. Insight on its rhizosphere microbiome, particularly the plant growth promoting microorganisms, may contribute to its survival strategies and lead to improve its regeneration.