Abiotrophia Defectiva as a Rare Cause of Mitral Valve Infective Endocarditis With Mesenteric Arterial Branch Pseudoaneurysm, Splenic Infarction, and Renal Infarction: A Case Report

Abstract

IntroductionAbiotrophia defectiva (A. defectiva) is a rare species leading to infective endocarditis (IE) with a poor prognosis. We describe a previously healthy patient with mitral valve infective endocarditis caused by A. defectiva.Case reportA young man was admitted with intermittent fever. Echocardiography confirmed vegetation on the mitral valve with evidence of valve perforation and severe mitral regurgitation. Three sets of blood cultures became positive for A. defectiva. As he presented with manifestations of mesenteric arterial branch pseudoaneurysm, splenic and renal infarction, mitral valve replacement, and embolization of superior mesenteric aneurysm were operated during 8 weeks' targeted antibiotic therapy.ConclusionThis case study emphasizes the importance of considering A. defectiva as a rare but important cause of IE and of performing blood culture to make its accurate diagnosis and timely anti-infective treatment. Early surgical management and active prevention of complications have been associated with a favorable prognosis.

Orthopedic Device-Related Infections Due to Emerging Pathogens Diagnosed by a Combination of Microbiological Approaches: Case Series and Literature Review

“…The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of amoxicillin, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefoxitin, cefoxitin screen, ceftaroline, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, daptomycin, doxycycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, linezolid, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, mupirocin, nitrofurantoin, penicillin, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, rifampicin, streptomycin, teicoplanin, tigecycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin were determined by Sensititre™ Gram positive MIC Plate and Anaerobe MIC Plate (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Imipenem susceptibility was carried out by E-Test using Mueller–Hinton agar (37 °C, 24 h), according to Li J. et al, 2022 [ 12 ]. Susceptibility to antibiotics was interpreted based on the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints.…”

Abiotrophia defectiva meningitis following ventriculoperitoneal shunt repair: Case report and literature review

“…Though Abiotrophia remains an unusual cause for neurological infections, there have been an increasing number of cases of infective endocarditis in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts [11] , [12] and so this fastidious aerobe should not be overlooked, particularly in the setting of negative cultures.…”

Clinical, Hematological, Biochemical and Radiological Characteristics for Patients With Splenic Infarction: Case Series With Literature Review

“…Infection Cytomegalovirus [6][7][8] Epstein-Barr virus [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Infective endocarditis [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] COVID-19 [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Dengue virus [36] Mycoplasma pneumoniae [37,38] Malaria [39,40] Scrub typhus [41,42] Aspergillus pericarditis [43] Babesiosis [44] Malignancy including neoplasm and myeloproliferative diseases…”