Abnormal uterine bleeding and associated factors among reproductive age women in Jimma town, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding is any bleeding that deviates from normal menstruations. It differs in terms of frequency of bleeding, duration, and the pattern of bleeding during menstrual cycle or menopause. It is a major gynecological problem for medical visits among women in the reproductive aged group. However, data on abnormal uterine bleeding in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the abnormal uterine bleeding and associated factors among reproductive age women in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study was employed from 1 January to 30 April 2020. Six hundred sixty women were selected by using systematic random sampling. Data were collected by using semi-structured questionnaires. Data were entered into EPI data version 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 25 software. All predictor’s variables with p value <0.25 in bivariable analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis. Variables with a p value of less than 0.05 in the multivariable analysis were taken as statistically significant predictors of abnormal uterine bleeding. Results: Out of 660 participants, 225 (34.1%) had abnormal uterine bleeding. From women with abnormal uterine bleeding, the prevalence of metrorrhagia, heavy periods, oligomenorrhea, inter-menstrual bleeding, polymenorrhea, and amenorrhea was 59 (26.2%), 54 (24%), 53 (23.5%), 46 (20.4%), 35 (15.5%), and 25 (11.1%), respectively. History of abortion (adjusted odds ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–2.41), history of uterine fibroids (adjusted odds ratio = 3.83, 95% confidence interval: 1.85–7.94), history of sexually transmitted infection (adjusted odds ratio = 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.33–3.66), and the history of intrauterine device (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.39–2.97) were significantly associated with abnormal uterine bleeding. Conclusion: The prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding was higher in Jimma town.

Abnormal uterine bleeding and its associated factors among reproductive-age women who visit the gynecology ward in Dilla University General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2022

“…A history of STIs was significantly associated with abnormal uterine bleeding. This finding is consistent with the study conducted in India [ 20 ] and Jimma [ 13 ]. This association might be explained by the fact that ascending infection causes uterine and Fallopian tube irritation, which leads to tubal dysfunction.…”

“…This study coincided with previous studies from developing countries (8–30%) [ 4 , 18 ] and Iran (27.2%) [ 12 ]. This finding was lower than studies done in Jimma (34.1%) [ 13 ], Debre Berhan (33.4%) [ 19 ], India (36%) [ 20 ], Iran (35.8%) [ 12 ], and Brazil (31.4%) [ 21 ]. This finding was also higher than that of a Chinese study (18.2%) [ 22 ].…”

“…The sample size was calculated by using a single proportion formula by considering the assumptions: P = 34.1% the magnitude of AUB done in Jimma town [ 13 ], Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia. D = 5% the margin of error, Zα/2 = 1.96 at 95% confidence of certainty.…”

Social and Cultural Issues of Menstruation and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Nepal

“…A study showed that the prevalence of AUB was found to be 8.9% of total women visiting the gynecology department in tertiary care hospital [9]. A study conducted in Brazil found that 31.4% of women faced AUB [10] which is aligned with another study from Ethiopia [11] but another study from India reported 18.3% of women in premenstrual age faced the problems [12]. The incidence of AUB worldwide is estimated to be 3-30% and the majority of cases occurs at menarche or near menopause [13].…”

Effect of norethisterone dose and duration in the management of abnormal uterine bleeding: a narrative review and case report

“…3 Kazemijaliseh et al 11 observed an AUB prevalence of 35.8% in 1393 reproductive-aged women from Iran. Similarly, Gerema et al 12 observed an AUB prevalence of 34.1% among 660 women from Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia; of the different types of AUB, the incidence of metrorrhagia was highest. A multicentre cross-sectional study from Brazil indicated an AUB prevalence of 31.4% in 1761 reproductive-aged women.…”