Abnormalities of Lactation

Camp, Steven D. Van; Stanton, Mary Beth

doi:10.1016/b978-072169323-1.50018-0

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The pelvic girdle, vagina, and vulva are vital musculoskeletal structures associated with the reproductive tract and are anatomically linked. Their orientations, along with the functional status of the constrictor vestibule muscle, are believed to be significant factors in the occurrence of UV in cows and heavily pregnant or postpartum mares (Gautam & Nakao, 2009; Van Camp, 1986). However, the angles of the pelvic girdle, vagina and vulva, as well as their temporal relationship at different stages of the oestrous cycle and through different pregnancy‐postpartum phases, have not been objectively examined as factors affecting UV in cows, which is why the present investigation was undertaken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A solitary and systemic study in postpartum cows indicated that the mild form of UV recovered spontaneously, whereas moderate and severe forms posed serious infertility issues (Gautam & Nakao, 2009).The pelvic girdle, vagina, and vulva are vital musculoskeletal structures associated with the reproductive tract and are anatomically linked. Their orientations, along with the functional status of the constrictor vestibule muscle, are believed to be significant factors in the occurrence of UV in cows and heavily pregnant or postpartum mares (Gautam & Nakao, 2009;Van Camp, 1986). However,…”

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confidence: 99%

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Urovagina (UV) causes urine to pool in the cranial vagina, which can affect fertility. The condition is well documented in mares (Van Camp, 1986), but it is less studied in cows. Nonetheless, the prevalence of UV has increased with time from 1.5% (Farhoodi et al, 2000) to 26.7% (Gautam & Nakao, 2009) in cows.

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Temporal disposition of pelvic girdle, vagina and vulva in relation to urovagina in cycling and pregnant‐postpartum cows

Sood,

Vatasyan,

Chaudhary

2024

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Urovagina (UV) is less studied in cows. The vaginal contents, constrictor vestibule muscle activity, circulating progesterone, pelvic girdle, vagina and vulva angles were compared on Days 0 and 14 within and between UV (UV group; n = 36) and normal (N group; n = 36) cows. The oestrous duration was compared among the groups. Parameters for various UV severities were also compared. Another set of pregnant‐postpartum cows (P‐PP group; n = 31) underwent monthly evaluations for UV and the angles from the third month of pregnancy until the second month postpartum. The effect of age, parity and body condition score on UV severities on Day 0, and parity on angles in the P‐PP group was evaluated. Different variables were correlated in different groups. The UV group was repeat breeder, exhibited prolonged oestrus and reduced progesterone on Day 14. The latter increased with UV severity on Day 0. On Day 14, severe form of UV was more prevalent. The UV severity increased with parity. In the UV group, a cranioventral pelvic girdle on Day 0 became more cranioventral on Day 14 and was correlated with the vagina moving from a caudodorsal position on Day 0 to a cranioventral position on Day 14. In the P‐PP group, the pelvic girdle and vagina remained caudodorsal and UV was undetectable throughout the study. Vagina and vulva displayed a parity‐by‐month interaction in the P‐PP group. To summarize, the UV characteristics were influenced by the oestrous cycle stage, pelvic girdle angles, and parity.

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