Abrasive wear of ion-plated titanium nitride coatings on plasma-nitrided steel surfaces

Sirvio, E.H.; Sulonen, M.S.; Sundquist, H.

doi:10.1016/0040-6090(82)90217-6

Cited by 56 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Synthesis of SBA-15ht: Mesoporous silica SBA-15ht was synthesized with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, Aldrich, 98%) as a silica source and Pluronic P123 ((EO) 20 (PO) 70 (EO) 20 , Aldrich) as a structure-directing agent according to a previously reported method [16]. In a typical synthesis, 5.58 g of TEOS was mixed with 3.46 g of P123 in 1.6 M HCl solution and stirred at 35 8C for 24 h. The mixture was heated at 150 8C for 24 h under static conditions in a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (Teflon)-lined autoclave, resulting in connecting pores of mesopore range between primary mesopores.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it exhibits enhanced hardness, TiN can be used, for example, for abrasives and hard coatings. [20,21] Furthermore, the application of TiN as electrodes for supercapacitors [22] and as a catalyst [23,24] has been reported, and titanium oxynitride has been applied as a photocatalyst. [25,26] Also for these applications, the control of the nanostructure of the metal nitride can have crucial influence on the performance; for example, high surface areas can increase electrode kinetics and catalyst activity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mesoporous, 2D Hexagonal Carbon Nitride and Titanium Nitride/Carbon Composites

et al. 2009

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A multistep templating procedure is used to prepare graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) and titanium nitride/carbon composites with ordered, 2D hexagonal porosity. First, the carbon nitride is prepared by nanocasting using a silica (SBA‐15) template. This carbon nitride is then replicated as a metal nitride carbon composite, using a simultaneous templating/conversion scheme (“reactive templating”).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous, 2D Hexagonal Carbon Nitride and Titanium Nitride/Carbon Composites

et al. 2009

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“…In the presence of NCH 3 groups in the preceramic network, for example, in NCH 3 -containing polysilazanes, [51] releaseo f methylamine was detecteda ta round4 50 8C. It arises from the substitution of NCH 3 groups by ammonia, that is, atransamination according to Equations (5) and (6).…”

Section: Polymer-to-ceramic Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposites through the Chemistry of Single‐Source Precursors: Understanding the Role of Chemistry behind the Design of Monolith‐Type Nanostructured Titanium Nitride/Silicon Nitride

Bechelany

Proust

Lale

et al. 2016

Chemistry A European J

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Monolith-type titanium nitride/silicon nitride nanocomposites, denoted as TiN/Si N , have been prepared by a reaction of polysilazanes with a titanium amide precursor, warm pressing of the resultant polytitanosilazanes, and subsequent pyrolysis of the green bodies at 1400 °C. Initially, a series of polytitanosilazanes was synthesized and the role of the chemistry behind their synthesis was studied in detail by using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and molecular-weight measurements. The intimate relationship between the chemistry and the processability of these precursors is discussed. Polytitanosilazanes display the appropriate requirements for facile processing in solution and as a melt, but they must be treated with liquid ammonia to be adapted for solid-state processing, that is, warm-pressing, to design dense and mechanically stable structures after pyrolysis. We provide a comprehensive mechanistic study of the nanocomposite conversion based on solid-state NMR spectroscopy coupled with thermogravimetric experiments. HRTEM images coupled with XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the unique nanostructural features of the nanocomposites, which appear to be a result of the molecular origin of the materials. The as-obtained samples are composed of an amorphous Si N matrix, in which TiN nanocrystals are homogeneously formed in situ in the matrix during the process. The hardness and Young moduli were measured and are discussed.

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“…Appropriate metal sources in the pores of the carbon nitride are thus converted into metal nitride nanoparticles with defined nanoparticle size. Such metal nitride nanoparticles are interesting because of their potential application as abrasive materials, [21] catalysts, [22][23][24] or optoelectronic compounds. [25] Metal nitrides in general can be produced by the conversion of metals or metal oxides into the corresponding nitride using nitrogen sources, such as ammonia [26] or hydrazine [27,28] at high temperatures.…”

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confidence: 99%

Growth Confined by the Nitrogen Source: Synthesis of Pure Metal Nitride Nanoparticles in Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride

2007

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The synthesis of materials in nanometer-sized confinements, or "nanoreactors", is a suitable method for the preparation of nanoparticles. As "soft" organic nanoreactors, the synthesis of nanoparticles in micelles formed from surfactants [1] and block copolymers, [2][3][4][5][6] emulsions, [7][8][9] and gels [10] has been previously described. Soft nanoreactors often allow simple purification procedures, that is, the resulting nanoparticles can be separated from the self-assembled confinement in a nondestructive fashion. On the other hand, the softness of the reactor walls sometimes leads to unpredicted forms and shapes of the resulting nanoparticles, and the method is not often applicable for desirable nanoparticle compositions, which is because of the complex reactant mixtures present during synthesis. This is especially true for metal nitrides.Other approaches have used the confinement provided by the pore system of porous solids, mainly silica or alumina. These "hard" nanoreactors or exotemplates [11] inevitably result in exactly shaped replications of nanoparticles, nanowires, or even fully replicated mesoporous frameworks, depending on the structure and pore size of the confinement. Using this approach nanoparticles of metals, [12] metal oxides, [13][14][15] sulfides, [16] and nitrides, [17] as well as carbon nanostructures [18] and nanoparticles fabricated from high-temperature engineering plastics [19] have been produced. Still, a severe disadvantage of the hard-template approach is that isolation of the wanted materials is accompanied by the destruction of the confinement, often by using harmful etching reagents such as hydrofluoric acid. Furthermore, the incorporation of precursors into the confinement has to be ensured; an adequate pore filling and, if necessary, adequate mixing and stoichiometry of the starting components inside the nanopores is hard to control and obeys the statistics of small numbers.Here we report the synthesis of metal nitride nanoparticles in a new type of nanoconfined environment, namely mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg-C 3 N 4 ).[20] This approach adds two significant improvements to reported nanostructure synthesis using exotemplates: First, the reaction-confining matrix is thermally decomposed during synthesis, making additional purification and isolation steps obsolete. Second, the medium serves as a reagent in the nanoparticle synthesis by donating an excess of nitrogen during decomposition. Appropriate metal sources in the pores of the carbon nitride are thus converted into metal nitride nanoparticles with defined nanoparticle size. Such metal nitride nanoparticles are interesting because of their potential application as abrasive materials, [21] catalysts, [22][23][24] or optoelectronic compounds. [25] Metal nitrides in general can be produced by the conversion of metals or metal oxides into the corresponding nitride using nitrogen sources, such as ammonia [26] or hydrazine [27,28] at high temperatures.Also, the use of carbon nitride as a nitrogen source was descri...

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Abrasive wear of ion-plated titanium nitride coatings on plasma-nitrided steel surfaces

Cited by 56 publications

References 5 publications

Mesoporous, 2D Hexagonal Carbon Nitride and Titanium Nitride/Carbon Composites

Mesoporous, 2D Hexagonal Carbon Nitride and Titanium Nitride/Carbon Composites

Nanocomposites through the Chemistry of Single‐Source Precursors: Understanding the Role of Chemistry behind the Design of Monolith‐Type Nanostructured Titanium Nitride/Silicon Nitride

Growth Confined by the Nitrogen Source: Synthesis of Pure Metal Nitride Nanoparticles in Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride

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