Absorbability and Cost Effectiveness in Calcium Supplementation

Abstract

Given the equivalent bioavailability of the two marketed products, the cost benefit analysis favors the less expensive carbonate product.

Relative Bioavailability of Calcium from Calcium Formate, Calcium Citrate, and Calcium Carbonate

“…Effects on Serum Parathyroid Hormone Concentration. One of the normal effects of an increase in serum calcium concentration is a decrease in the concentration of circulating parathyroid hormone (Reginster et al, 1993;Heller et al, 1999Heller et al, , 2000Heaney et al, 2001). Like serum calcium, serum iPTH concentrations are subject to diurnal variation (Nielsen et al, 1991;McKane et al, 1996); this may be the reason that iPTH values for the placebo group in Fig.…”

“…In addition, the length of time postdose over which observations are made and the number of observations made across this time period might also influence the apparent results. Heaney et al (2001) compared the serum calcium concentration versus time curves (0 -24 h) after administration of two forms of calcium carbonate, one form of calcium citrate, or a placebo to a group of 24 postmenopausal women. Pharmacokinetic analysis of the data showed no significant differences among the three calcium preparations in terms of ⌬C max , t max , ⌬AUC (0 -5 or 0 -24 h), or the bioavailability of calcium, although all three treatments were significantly different from placebo.…”

“…Over the past 20 years, the absorption of calcium from dietary supplements has been studied by many methods. Some studies have shown the more soluble calcium citrate to be somewhat better absorbed than the relatively insoluble calcium carbonate, whereas others have shown the opposite result, and still others have found no significant difference (Sakhaee et al, 1999;Heaney et al, 2001). The lack of consensus regarding these two important forms of calcium supplements has been attributed in part to differences in study design (e.g., fed versus fasted versus achlorhydric subjects; high load versus low load of calcium), differences in analytical methodology (measurement of serum calcium increment versus urinary calcium increment versus fractional absorption via isotopic tracer or Funded by Nephro-Tech 1, LLC, Shawnee, KS, which also provided the placebo and calcium formate tablets.…”

Calcium and vitamin D: Skeletal and extraskeletal health

“…For most healthy adults, calcium carbonate or citrate supplements should adequately satisfy the daily calcium requirement. If cost is an issue, it may be more cost-effective to recommend calcium carbonate as the primary form of calcium supplementation [47].…”

Our Nations bone health: Prevention and treatment of Cervical hip fracture caused by Osteoporosis

“…Also some kinds of fruit such as bananas, tangerines, grapefruit, apples etc; soy products, almonds are rich in calcium. However, poppies and sesame contain the highest amount of calcium.100 grams of these products contain more than 1000 mg of a useful substance [25,26].…”