Absorption, Distribution, Storage, and Metabolites of Vitamins K and Related Quinones

Wiss, Ø.; Gloor, Hans-Jakob

doi:10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60222-8

Cited by 48 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…2). We observed rapid intestinal absorption of menaquinone-4 and a quick decline of radioactivity in the blood, similar to the case of phylloquinone in previous studies (8,9) using the normal rat. But intestinal absorption of vitamin K by humans is slower both in the child (10) and in the adult (11)(12)(13) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The placental and mammary transport of (14C) menaquinone-4 in rats.

Tadano

Yuzuriha

Miyake

1989

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The placental and mammary transport of (14C) menaquinone-4 in rats.

Tadano

Yuzuriha

Miyake

1989

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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“…By determining vitamin Ki levels directly through an HPLC method, our no decrease in phylloquinone levels of moth ers tested at the end of pregnancy. In the rat, we noted rapid intestinal absorption of vita min Ki after oral administration: 1-2 h, as already mentioned in previous studies using the rat [16,17], Intestinal absorption by hu mans is slower, both in the child [18] and in the adult [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Vitamin K(1) Diffusion across the Placental Barrier in the Gravid Female Rat

Guillaumont¹,

Durr²,

Combet³

et al. 1988

Dev Pharmacol Ther

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The hemorrhagic disease of the newborn can be prevented by administration of vitamin K(1). The modes of utilization of the vitamin need to be studied in the mother and child. An experimental pharmacokinetic study was conducted, using the gravid female rat. Results showed rapid intestinal absorption of phylloquinone. The fetus plasma concentration rose from 8.6 µg/l at time 0 to 0 to 44.3 µg/l at 8 h. Such an increase is an evidence of phylloquinone diffusion across the placenta. The phenomenon requires a high gradient. On the other hand, maximum plasma concentrations are not reached until the 8th hour.

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“…We speculate that it may be adipose tissue. Wiss & Gloor (1966) reported in the rat that the injection of a large dose (2 mg) of isotopic phylloquinone * t 1/2 a and t 1/2 b are respectively half-times for the first and second exponential decay curves of plasma radioactivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total body phylloquinone and its turnover in human subjects at two levels of vitamin K intake

et al. 2002

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The aims of this study were to determine the total body phylloquinone and its metabolic turnover in human subjects using a tracer dose of [5-H 3 ]phylloquinone containing 55·5 £ 10 4 MBq=mmol. Seven subjects aged 22 to 49 years were given 0·3 mg isotopic phylloquinone intravenously on a control diet (75 mg phylloquinone/d) and blood, urine and faeces were sampled periodically for 6 d. Five of these subjects were studied a second time after 3 -8 weeks on a low-vitamin K diet (8 mg/d). The changes in the radioactivity of plasma phylloquinone with time were analysed by the method of residuals and fitted to a curve composed of two exponential components. The size of the exchangeable body pool was calculated by isotope dilution. Plasma phylloquinone levels fell during vitamin K restriction but the vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors did not change. After injection the first exponential decay curve t 1/2 was 1·0 (SD 0·47) h in the subjects on the control diet and 0·49 (SD 0·27) h after vitamin K restriction. On the control diet, the second exponential t 1/2 was 27·6 (SD 124) h that did not change on the low-vitamin K diet (t 1=2 ¼ 25·1 (SD 13·5) h). These results indicate that the turnover time for phylloquinone in human subjects is about 1·5 d. Urinary excretion of 3 H-metabolites ranged from 30 % of the administered dose on the control diet to 38 % on the restricted diet and had the same turnover rate as the second component of the plasma decay curves. The exchangeable body pool of phylloquinone declined from about 1·0 mg/kg before restriction to lower values after vitamin K restriction. The faecal excretion of phylloquinone and its metabolites fell from 32 % of the administered dose on the control diet to 13 % on the restricted diet. Vitamin K: Radioactive phylloquinone: Exchangeable body pool: Metabolic turnoverGreat advances have been made in the understanding of the distribution, function and metabolism of vitamin K since its discovery by Henrik Dam. (Dam, 1935;Olson, 1999) Less well documented is the content of vitamin K in the human body and the extent of its metabolic turnover. The first attempt to measure phylloquinone turnover in human subjects was made by Shearer et al. (1972), who administered 1 mg [1 0 , 2 0 -3 H 2 ]phylloquinone (200 MBq/ mmol) intravenously to each of three young male volunteers whose plasma was sampled at intervals for 96 h. They observed that after 2 h only 10 % of the initial radioactivity remained in the plasma space, and that the decay curves over 6 h could be resolved into two exponential functions with half-times of 20-24 min and 121-150 min. Later Shearer et al. (1974) repeated their study using 45 mg-phylloquinone of higher specific activity (3515 MBq/mmol) and obtained similar results. Bjornsson et al. (1979) carried out similar turnover studies in four healthy male volunteers using 300 mg [1 0 , 2 0 -3 H 2 ]phylloquinone (3237 MBq/mmol). They also observed two exponential components to the decay curves of 26 (SD 8) min and 166 (SD 10) min over 10 h.None of these invest...

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Absorption, Distribution, Storage, and Metabolites of Vitamins K and Related Quinones

Cited by 48 publications

References 5 publications

The placental and mammary transport of (14C) menaquinone-4 in rats.

The placental and mammary transport of (14C) menaquinone-4 in rats.

Vitamin K(1) Diffusion across the Placental Barrier in the Gravid Female Rat

Total body phylloquinone and its turnover in human subjects at two levels of vitamin K intake

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