Abstract 373: Advancing precision oncology by synergizing ddPCR with microdissection

Abstract

Background - The domain of precision oncology includes improving patient treatment outcomes based on the application of advanced molecular profiling methodologies to pathological specimens. To this end, optimal utilization of tumor tissue from diagnostic biopsies is an unmet medical need. This is especially relevant today since precision oncology is a rapidly evolving field where timely tumor genotyping is essential for the indication of many advanced and targeted therapies. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines now mandate molecular testing for clinically actionable targets in certain malignancies. Patients diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are commonly of an older age and have significant co-morbidities. This frequently causes clinical dilemmas regarding the ability to obtain adequate amounts of tissue for tumor genotyping. In these cases, the tumor tissue may have been obtained by an image-guided biopsy, and the diagnosis of NSCLC proper determined via cytology. In certain instances, adequate tissue for tumor genotyping and/or a more advanced mutational analysis to identify oncogenic drivers may not be available. Methods - Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens were examined using advanced immuno-based laser capture microdissection (LCM), following a formal pathology review. In preparation for droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), DNA was extracted from samples and run with a series of positive and negative controls. Results - Utilizing lung cancer as an example, an improved genotyping approach for NSCLC solid tumors was developed and tested. The strategy involves optimization of the microdissection process and analysis of a large number of identical target cells from FFPE specimens sharing similar characteristics, in other words, single-cell subtype analysis. Immunostaining status, cell phenotype, and spatial location within a histological section are examples of shared characteristics that can guide cell procurement. Conclusions - Synergy between microdissection and ddPCR enhances molecular analysis. Demonstrated is a methodology that illustrates genotyping of a solid tumor from a small tissue biopsy sample in a time and cost-efficient manner, using immunohistochemistry directed LCM and ddPCR detection. Citation Format: Donald J. Johann, Ikjae Shin, Erich Peterson, Mathew Steliga, Jason Muesse, Katy Marino, Sarah Laun, Adam Roberge, Robert Weigman, Michael Emmert-Buck, Michael Tangrea. Advancing precision oncology by synergizing ddPCR with microdissection [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 373.