Ação de Micoflora de efluentes agroindustriais sobre diferentes corantes e substratos lignocelulósicos

Abstract

RESUMO. Enzimas extracelulares de fungos são importantes para sua sobrevivência em ambientes inóspitos, sendo capazes de degradar compostos recalcitrantes. Fungos filamentosos secretam hidrolases e fenoloxidases capazes de degradar complexos de estruturas aromáticas, como de alguns xenobióticos. O propósito deste trabalho foi testar diferentes corantes (Azul de Metileno, Azure B, Verde Malaquita e Cristal Violeta), em substituição ao composto Poly R478, no método de seleção de microrganismos degradadores de fenóis em meio sólido, além de comparar tal atividade de Micoflora isolada de efluentes de indústria sucroalcooleira com a de outros fungos adquiridos em coleção oficial. Os corantes testados revelaram-se ótimos substitutos do Poly R478. O isolado que apresentou atividade descolorante mais intenso do que a do diâmetro de seu crescimento (Cladosporium sp.) foi testado, então, em meio líquido frente a dois substratos naturais e um sintético (bagaço de cana, serragem de madeira e azul de metileno). Este removeu altas concentrações de glicídios redutores, proteínas e fenóis totais, além de reduzir a DQO em meio com serragem de madeira como substrato fenólico natural. Tal fungo, portanto, mostrou-se promissor para compor consórcios visando cometabolismo e biorremediação de efluentes nos quais há presença de compostos fenólicos ou outros recalcitrantes com estrutura semelhante à de lignina.Palavras-chave: degradação biológica, fenoloxidases, bagaço de cana, serragem de madeira, Azul de Metileno, Cladosporium.ABSTRACT. Action of mycoflora from agri-industrial effluents on different dyes and lignocellulosic substrates. Extracellular enzymes of fungi are important for survival in inhospitable environments, as they are able to degrade recalcitrant compounds. Filamentous fungi secrete hydrolases and phenoloxidases that are capable of degrading complexes of aromatic structures, such as certain xenobiotics. The purpose of this study was to test different dyes (methylene blue, Azure B, Malachite Green and Crystal Violet), replacing the compound Poly R478 in the method of selection of phenol decomposer microorganisms in solid medium, and compare this activity of the mycoflora of effluents from sugar-alcohol industry, to the ones of other fungi acquired in official collection. The tested dyes proved to be excellent substitutes for Poly R478. The isolate that showed more intense decolorant activity than the diameter of its growth (Cladosporium sp.) was then tested on two natural and one synthetic substrate (sugarcane bagasse, sawing wood, and methylene blue) in liquid medium. This isolate removed high concentrations of reducing sugars, proteins and total phenols, and reduced the COD in medium containing sawdust as natural substrate of phenols. This fungus, therefore, seems promising to form consortia for co-metabolism and bioremediation of effluents in which there is a presence of phenolic or other recalcitrant compounds with similar structure to lignin.

Reference values of mandibular condyles metabolic activity: A study using 99mTc‐MDP single‐photon emission computed tomography

“…[31][32][33][34] Finally, if the diagnosis is made very early, post-condylectomy orthodontic treatment is corrective as secondary bone remodelling occurs after early condylectomy, allowing the outcome of an ideal symmetry with no need for other interventions. [35][36][37] Otherwise, if the clinical evaluation suggests active bilateral hyperplasia and the uptake ratio is over the reference range, the clinician must decide if bilateral condylectomy is necessary to stop the condylar overgrowth and/or orthognathic surgery must be considered to correct the skeletal deformation. On the other hand, when the CH is in an inactive state, the type of surgical correction must be decided based on the sequelae caused by the pathology.…”