ACC synthase and its cognate E3 ligase are inversely regulated by light

Yoon, Gyeong Mee; Kieber, Joseph J.

doi:10.4161/psb.26478

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The failure of the light‐induced stabilization of the ACS5 eto2 mutant protein (Figure a) strongly suggests that light downregulates ETO1 and its two paralogs, EOL1 and EOL2 E3 ligases, and consequently increases the stability of ACS5. This result also reinforces findings from our previous study demonstrating that light destabilizes the EOL2 protein (Yoon and Kieber, ). Although the light‐mediated modulation of the stability of the EOL2 and ACS5 eto2 proteins appeared to correlate with the hypocotyl phenotypes of the acs LOF mutant during the transition, the direct involvement of ETO1/EOL1/EOL2 E3 ligases in regulating hypocotyl elongation remained to be determined.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These findings led us to hypothesize that light may post‐translationally regulate ACS proteins during the transition period. In fact, our previous study showed that light stabilizes ACS5 protein in dark‐grown seedlings (Yoon and Kieber, ). Although this study suggested possible light‐induced stabilization of ACS5, the specificity of light on ACS types, as well as the link between the light‐induced stabilization of ACS5 and its associated role in regulating hypocotyl growth, had not been investigated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Such studies have demonstrated a rapid increase in ACC concentration in pea seedlings after red-light illumination, and have revealed that this effect is not a result of inhibition of the activity of ACC oxidases, thus suggesting that the increase in ACC is probably due to the activation of the ACC forming step, for example, via ACS (Rohwer and Schierle, 1982;Foo et al, 2006). In addition, our previous study has shown that light treatment of Arabidopsis etiolated seedlings overexpressing epitope-tagged ACS protein stabilizes the ACS protein within 2 h of treatment, thus supporting possible post-translational control of ethylene biosynthesis (Yoon and Kieber, 2013b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…protein (Yoon and Kieber, 2013b). Although the lightmediated modulation of the stability of the EOL2 and ACS5 eto2 proteins appeared to correlate with the hypocotyl phenotypes of the acs LOF mutant during the transition, the direct involvement of ETO1/EOL1/EOL2 E3 ligases in regulating hypocotyl elongation remained to be determined.…”

Section: Light Negatively Acts On the Eto1/eol1/eol2 E3 Ligases Thermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light‐induced stabilization of ACS contributes to hypocotyl elongation during the dark‐to‐light transition in Arabidopsis seedlings

Seo

Yoon

2019

The Plant Journal

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Summary Hypocotyl growth during seedling emergence is a crucial developmental transition influenced by light and phytohormones such as ethylene. Ethylene and light antagonistically control hypocotyl growth in either continuous light or darkness. However, how ethylene and light regulate hypocotyl growth, including seedling emergence, during the dark‐to‐light transition remains elusive. Here, we show that ethylene and light cooperatively stimulate a transient increase in hypocotyl growth during the dark‐to‐light transition via the light‐mediated stabilization of 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) synthases (ACSs), the rate‐limiting enzymes in ethylene biosynthesis. We found that, in contrast to the known inhibitory role of light in hypocotyl growth, light treatment transiently increases hypocotyl growth in wild‐type etiolated seedlings. Moreover, ACC, the direct precursor of ethylene, accentuates the effects of light on hypocotyl elongation during the dark‐to‐light transition. We determined that light leads to the transient elongation of hypocotyls by stabilizing the ACS5 protein during the dark‐to‐light transition. Furthermore, biochemical analysis of an ACS5 mutant protein bearing an alteration in the C‐terminus indicated that light stabilizes ACS5 by inhibiting the degradation mechanism that acts through the C‐terminus of ACS5. Our study reveals that plants regulate hypocotyl elongation during seedling establishment by coordinating light‐induced ethylene biosynthesis at the post‐translational level. Moreover, the stimulatory role of light on hypocotyl growth during the dark‐to‐light transition provides additional insights into the known inhibitory role of light in hypocotyl development.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Light Negatively Acts On the Eto1/eol1/eol2 E3 Ligases Thermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Light‐induced stabilization of ACS contributes to hypocotyl elongation during the dark‐to‐light transition in Arabidopsis seedlings

Seo

Yoon

2019

The Plant Journal

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“…New Phytologist phosphorylation (Liu & Zhang, 2004;Joo et al, 2008) and can be decreased by EOL1/EOL2-involved ubiquitinated degradation of its proteins (Wang et al, 2004;Yoon & Kieber, 2013). We found that both Mg deficiency and NO positively regulated MPK6 expression, but negatively regulated EOL1 expression ( Fig.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 65%

Ethylene and nitric oxide interact to regulate the magnesium deficiency‐induced root hair development in Arabidopsis

Liu

et al. 2016

New Phytologist

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Nitric oxide (NO) and ethylene respond to biotic and abiotic stresses through either similar or independent processes. This study examines the mechanism underlying the effects of NO and ethylene on promoting root hair development in Arabidopsis under magnesium (Mg) deficiency. The interaction between NO and ethylene in the regulation of Mg deficiency-induced root hair development was investigated using NO- and ethylene-related mutants and pharmacological methods. Mg deficiency triggered a burst of NO and ethylene, accompanied by a stimulated development of root hairs. Interestingly, ethylene facilitated NO generation by activation of both nitrate reductase and nitric oxide synthase-like (NOS-L) in the roots of Mg-deficient plants. In turn, NO enhanced ethylene synthesis through stimulating the activities of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase and ACC synthase (ACS). These two processes constituted an NO-ethylene feedback loop. Blocking either of these two processes inhibited the stimulation of root hair development under Mg deficiency. In conclusion, we suggest that Mg deficiency increases the production of NO and ethylene in roots, each influencing the accumulation and role of the other, and thus these two signals interactively regulate Mg deficiency-induced root hair morphogenesis.

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Ethylene Biosynthesis and Regulation in Plants

Zhang

2014

Ethylene in Plants

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ACC synthase and its cognate E3 ligase are inversely regulated by light

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Light‐induced stabilization of ACS contributes to hypocotyl elongation during the dark‐to‐light transition in Arabidopsis seedlings

Light‐induced stabilization of ACS contributes to hypocotyl elongation during the dark‐to‐light transition in Arabidopsis seedlings

Ethylene and nitric oxide interact to regulate the magnesium deficiency‐induced root hair development in Arabidopsis

Ethylene Biosynthesis and Regulation in Plants

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