“…The construction industry has long enjoyed rapturous applause for its significant contribution to materializing the built environment, creating job opportunities, and maintaining economic growth. Meanwhile, with the increasing embracement of sustainability globally, a surge of criticism has been overtly targeted at construction, which is perceived as the culprit of environmental degradation, non-renewable natural resources consumption, gas and dust emission, solid waste generation, noise pollution, as well as land depletion and deterioration ( Lu et al, 2016 ; Yang et al, 2019 , Yang et al, 2020 ). Particularly, significant attention has been paid to construction and demolition (C&D) waste in recent years, discerning it a pivot to indicate the degree of sustainability.…”