Today’s society is a reaction to the excesses of a market economy that has not always been properly understood, thus leading to an imbalance of limited natural resources, disturbances in the unraveling of the lives of firms, or even the global economy. However, the eco-economy, under the given conditions, respects the sustainable efficiency of the eco-systems on which it depends. Addressing a fair, balanced attitude can be achieved through a system of implementing methods well-defined strategies, thus using the interdisciplinarity of the concept of development. The present paper aims to argue the need for bioeconomic sericulture management, based on the experience held in the field of sericulture and the untapped potential of this field in Romania. The bioeconomic management of sericulture biodiversity is a new method in the development, growth, and exploitation of silkworms as a pursuit of the sustainable development of agriculture and light industry, the chance of applying sustainable innovation, and relaunching the Romanian agriculture.