Accumulation and Transformation of Sulfonated Aromatic Compounds by Higher Plants –Toward the Phytotreatment of Wastewater from Dye and Textile Industries

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Besides these promising results for the phytotreatment of sulphonated anthraquinones, it will be of high interest to develop and test, at small scale, an experimental wastewater treatment system to determine its efficiency. On the other hand, these results reinforce the idea that natural biodiversity should be better studied to use the most appropriate species for the phytotreatment of a specific pollutant.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The role of cytochromes P450 and peroxidases in the detoxification of sulphonated anthraquinones by rhubarb and common sorrel plants cultivated under hydroponic conditions

Page

Schwitzguébel

2009

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“…The OX effect correlates through the ROS signaling pathway to CAT, SOD, and GPx gene expression at the foliar level (Davies et al 2008). In cell cultures of rhubarb and in whole plants of Rumex, rhubarb, maize, and celery, several sulfonated anthraquinones (AQ-S) are accumulated, metabolized, and even desulfonated; the presence of AQ-S and metabolites in leaves indicates uptake and metabolization (Aubert and Schwitzguébel 2004;Schwitzguébel et al 2008). CYP and POD activities increase in seedlings, especially in the roots ).…”

Section: Organicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of successful experiments and limitations of phytotechnologies: contaminant uptake, detoxification and sequestration, and consequences for food safety

Mench

Schwitzguébel

Schröeder

et al. 2009

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255

Phytotechnologies potentially offer efficient and environmentally friendly solutions for cleanup of contaminated soil and water, improvement of food safety, carbon sequestration, and development of renewable energy sources, all of which contribute to sustainable land use management. Information has been gained at more realistic exposure levels mainly on Cd, Zn, Ni, As, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and herbicides with less on other contaminants. A main goal is a better understanding, at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels, of mechanisms and their regulation related to uptake-exclusion, apoplastic barriers, xylem loading, efflux-influx of contaminants, root-to-shoot transfer, concentration and chemical speciation in xylem/phloem, storage, detoxification, and stress tolerance for plants and associated microbes exposed to contaminants (TE and OX). All remain insufficiently understood especially in the case of multiple-element and mixed-mode pollution. Research must extend from model species to plants of economic importance and include interactions between plants and microorganisms. It remains a major challenge to create, develop, and scale up phytotechnologies to market level and to successfully deploy these to ameliorate the environment and human health.

“…Depending on their market value, metals can be recovered from contaminated biomass or ash (Dickinson et al 2009). & Phytodegradation and phytotransformation of xenobiotic compounds, exploiting the huge potential and biodiversity of plant secondary metabolism (Schwitzguébel et al 2008). & Phytostimulation: enhanced microbial metabolism of organic pollutants in plant rhizosphere; plant/microbial interactions are important for such a process (Gaskin and Bentham 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, hydroponic cultures or nutrient film techniques can be used in a process called rhizofiltration or phytofiltration (Schwitzguébel et al 2008(Schwitzguébel et al , 2011. Waters under consideration include industrial and domestic wastewater, groundwater and surface water as well as landfill leachates, containing biodegradable or recalcitrant organic compounds, toxic metals and/or radionuclides.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To treat effluents released by these industries, often containing recalcitrant compounds, classical wastewater treatment plants are not always efficient, and reliable alternatives are thus needed. More precisely, constructed wetlands and hydroponic systems (rhizofiltration or phytofiltration) are able to remove and degrade many organic pollutants from industrial wastewater (Haberl et al 2003;Bulc and Ojstrsek 2008;Schwitzguébel et al 2008Schwitzguébel et al , 2011. Both are based on the use of appropriate plant species and offer a low-cost, low-maintenance approach to treat recalcitrant xenobiotic compounds.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Is phytoremediation a sustainable and reliable approach to clean-up contaminated water and soil in Alpine areas?

Schwitzguébel¹,

Comino

Plata

et al. 2011

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Background, aim and scope Phytoremediation does exploit natural plant physiological processes and can be used to decontaminate agricultural soils, industrial sites, brownfields, sediments and water containing inorganic and organic pollutants or to improve food chain safety by phytostabilisation of toxic elements. It is a low-cost and environment friendly technology targetting removal, degradation or immobilisation of contaminants. The aim of the present review is to highlight some recent advances in phytoremediation in the Alpine context. Main featuresCase studies are presented where phytoremediation has been or can be successfully applied in Alpine areas to: (1) clean-up industrial wastewater containing sulphonated aromatic xenobiotics released by dye and textile industries; (2) remediate agricultural soils polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons; (3) improve food chain safety in soils contaminated with toxic trace elements (As, Co, Cr and Pb); and (4) treat soils impacted by modern agricultural activities with a special emphasis on phosphate fertilisation. Conclusions, recommendations and perspectives Worlwide, including in Alpine areas, the controlled use of appropriate plants is destined to play a major role for remediation and restoration of polluted and degraded ecosystems, monitoring and assessment of environmental quality, prevention of landscape degradation and immobilisation of trace elements. Phytotechnologies do already offer promising approaches towards environmental remediation, human health, food safety and sustainable development for the 21st century in Alpine areas and elsewhere all over the world.