Accumulation of Trace Elements and Organochlorines by Surf Scoters Wintering in the Pacific Northwest

Henny, Charles J.; Blus, Lawrence J.; Grove, Robert A.; Thompson, Steven P.

doi:10.2307/3536800

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It is interesting to briefly note that for this study, the hepatic trace element data of combined fish species (which are not explored in detail in this work), the nearest neighbor cluster correlation to selenium is also manganese. A Mn-Se correlation has been previously observed in male surf scoter livers in the U.S. Pacific Northwest [47], although similar work examining white-winged scoters in Alaska did not detect this relationship [48].…”

Section: Cd-mn-se-hg-as Clustermentioning

confidence: 72%

Biogeochemical interactions affecting hepatic trace element levels in aquatic birds

Möller

1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-Knowledge of elemental interactions is important to the toxicological assessment of wildlife in the geochemical environment. This study determines the concentrations of Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Li, Mg, Mn, Hg, Mo, Ni, Se, Ag, V, and Zn in aquatic bird liver, fish liver, whole bivalves, insects, and waters in several aquatic ecosystems in northern California. There is evidence of strong in vivo and environmental interactions, including the observation of manganese as a possible cofactor or indicator in selenium bioaccumulation. The nearest neighbor selenium correlation in aquatic bird liver tissue that results from this work is Cd-Mn-Se-HgAs. The correlation of liver selenium to manganese in vivo and the result that the majority of the variance in liver selenium concentration is contained in the manganese term of the regression model relating Se to Cd, Mn, and Hg is new knowledge in the study of aquatic birds. A linear relationship between liver selenium and environmental manganese (water and sediment) is found in the data, suggesting a water chemistry compartmentalization or activation of toxicants. Alternatively, the hepatic concentrations of selenium, manganese, and iron suggest induction of enzymes in response to oxidative stress.

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Section: Cd-mn-se-hg-as Clustermentioning

confidence: 72%

Biogeochemical interactions affecting hepatic trace element levels in aquatic birds

Möller

1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…In the Aleutian Islands, several studies have demonstrated high THg concentrations in birds with concentrations sometimes increasing westward across the island chain (Anthony et al, 2007; Ricca et al, 2008). In Washington’s Puget Sound, surf scoters exhibited THg concentrations similar to those of surf scoters in San Francisco Bay, California (Henny et al, 1991; Ohlendorf et al, 1987) and mercury concentrations of both surf scoters and western grebes increased as they over-wintered in Puget Sound (Henny et al, 1991, 1990). The hotspot in the Gulf Coast of Texas included Lavaca Bay, a designated mercury superfund site.…”

Section: Resultsand Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian mercury exposure and toxicological risk across western North America: A synthesis

Ackerman

Eagles‐Smith

Herzog

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

253

198

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Methylmercury contamination of the environment is an important issue globally and birds are useful bioindicators for mercury monitoring programs. The available data on mercury contamination of birds in western North America were synthesized. Original data from multiple databases were obtained and a literature review was conducted to obtain additional mercury concentrations. In total, 29219 original bird mercury concentrations from 225 species were compiled, and an additional 1712 mean mercury concentrations, representing 19998 individuals and 176 species, from 200 publications were obtained. To make mercury data comparable across bird tissues, published equations of tissue mercury correlations were used to convert all mercury concentrations into blood-equivalent mercury concentrations. Blood-equivalent mercury concentrations differed among species, foraging guilds, habitat types, locations, and ecoregions. Piscivores and carnivores exhibited the greatest mercury concentrations, whereas herbivores and granivores exhibited the lowest mercury concentrations. Bird mercury concentrations were greatest in ocean and salt marsh habitats and lowest in terrestrial habitats. Bird mercury concentrations were above toxicity benchmarks in many areas throughout western North America, and multiple hotspots were identified. Additionally, published toxicity benchmarks established in multiple tissues were summarized and translated into a common blood-equivalent mercury concentration. Overall, 66% of birds sampled in western North American exceeded a blood-equivalent mercury concentration of 0.2 μg/g wet weight (ww; above background levels), which is the lowest-observed effect level, 28% exceeded 1.0 μg/g ww (moderate risk), 8% exceeded 3.0 μg/g ww (high risk), and 4% exceeded 4.0 μg/g ww (severe risk). Mercury monitoring programs should sample bird tissues, such as adult blood and eggs, that are most-easily translated into tissues with well-developed toxicity benchmarks and that are directly relevant to bird reproduction. Results indicate that mercury contamination of birds is prevalent in many areas throughout western North America, and large-scale ecological attributes are important factors influencing bird mercury concentrations.

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“…In some cases, Surf Scoters display clear specialization on bivalves, particularly mussels (Vermeer 1981, Lacroix 2001. However, while specialization on bivalves appears seasonally stable for White-winged Scoters, diet patterns often change for Surf Scoters when they forage for prey at greater depths (S. sicarius bivalves) and for foods with seasonal availabilities that are either predictable (herring spawn, eelgrass epifauna) or unpredictable (commercial grain, reproducing polychaetes; Henny et al 1991, Lacroix et al 2005. Our diet estimates within Birch Bay indicate that Surf Scoters consume more nonbivalve prey than do Whitewinged Scoters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Reevaluating Marine Diets of Surf and White-Winged Scoters: Interspecific Differences and the Importance of Soft-Bodied Prey

Anderson

Lovvorn

Wilson

2008

Condor

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Accumulation of Trace Elements and Organochlorines by Surf Scoters Wintering in the Pacific Northwest

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Biogeochemical interactions affecting hepatic trace element levels in aquatic birds

Biogeochemical interactions affecting hepatic trace element levels in aquatic birds

Avian mercury exposure and toxicological risk across western North America: A synthesis

Reevaluating Marine Diets of Surf and White-Winged Scoters: Interspecific Differences and the Importance of Soft-Bodied Prey

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