Accuracy of dental implants inserted in clinical studies using static implantation guides: a systematic review and a meta-analysis

Abstract

Background One of the main tasks of dental implantation is the precise insertion of the implant into the edentulous jaw. The purpose of a study was to determine the accuracy of implants inserted using static implantation guides in different conditions.Methods A search for clinical studies was performed in the PubMed databasis. The implantation procedure had to be performed on humans in vivo by using a static surgical guide. Pre and postsurgical CT scans were compared to evaluate the deviation of implants. A meta-analyses was performed to calculate the mean implant collar, apex, depth and axis deviations. A meta-regression analyses was performed by grouping study subgroups according to the method of surgery, implant insertion, jaw, guide support tissue, and the method of guide fixation.Results 19 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Data on 1872 implants were analyzed. Mean deviation was 1.25 mm (95% CI: 1.00, 1.51) at the implant entry point and 1.52 mm (95% CI: 1.18, 1.86) at the apex. Mean axis deviation was 3.47o (95% CI: 3.01, 3.94). Depth deviation was 0.15 mm (95% CI: -0.36, 0.66). The following factors had a positive influence on the implant precision: open surgical technique, fully guided implant insertion and fixation of the surgical guide.Conclusions The surgical technique, implant insertion method, jaw, guide supporting tissue and fixation has an effect on the deviation of inserted implants.