Accuracy profile validation of a new analytical method for butane measurement using headspace-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Varlet, Vincent; Smith, Fiona; Augsburger, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.11.031

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The extraction gas was analyzed following published procedures 41 42 . The composition of butane gas cans used to extract BHO was calculated by comparison with data obtained with two certified propane/isobutane/butane gaseous mixtures (GTS Sapray, Gruppo Autogas Nord, Genoa, Italy).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug vaping applied to cannabis: Is “Cannavaping” a therapeutic alternative to marijuana?

Varlet

Concha-Lozano

Berthet

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Therapeutic cannabis administration is increasingly used in Western countries due to its positive role in several pathologies. Dronabinol or tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) pills, ethanolic cannabis tinctures, oromucosal sprays or table vaporizing devices are available but other cannabinoids forms can be used. Inspired by the illegal practice of dabbing of butane hashish oil (BHO), cannabinoids from cannabis were extracted with butane gas, and the resulting concentrate (BHO) was atomized with specific vaporizing devices. The efficiency of “cannavaping,” defined as the “vaping” of liquid refills for e-cigarettes enriched with cannabinoids, including BHO, was studied as an alternative route of administration for therapeutic cannabinoids. The results showed that illegal cannavaping would be subjected to marginal development due to the poor solubility of BHO in commercial liquid refills (especially those with high glycerin content). This prevents the manufacture of liquid refills with high BHO concentrations adopted by most recreational users of cannabis to feel the psychoactive effects more rapidly and extensively. Conversely, “therapeutic cannavaping” could be an efficient route for cannabinoids administration because less concentrated cannabinoids-enriched liquid refills are required. However, the electronic device marketed for therapeutic cannavaping should be carefully designed to minimize potential overheating and contaminant generation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug vaping applied to cannabis: Is “Cannavaping” a therapeutic alternative to marijuana?

Varlet

Concha-Lozano

Berthet

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…This measured value is included in the concentration range of lethal cases where butane was identified as the unique compound in the gaseous mixture and responsible of the death. Moreover, the butane concentration values in the liver (0.43 µg/g), in the lung (2.3 µg/g), and in the kidney (1.2 µg/g) were also within in the concentration range of cases where butane was the only responsible for the death [10]. The highest butane concentrations were found in the brain, lungs, heart and kidney, showing a complete distribution inside the body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Volatile lipophilic substances management in case of fatal sniffing

Romolo

Luca

Ciallella

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine

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“…Indeed, the possibility to use specific internal standard is of great help to take into account the possible analytical problems (leaks) that can occur during analysis. Deuterated alkanes have been specifically used for methane [21], propane [14] and butane [22]. Similarly, 13 C compounds have been used for CO and CO2 quantification [18,23].…”

Section: What Is the Analytical Strategy?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Place of Gas Analysis in Forensic Toxicology

Varlet¹

2015

FLIS

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Accuracy profile validation of a new analytical method for butane measurement using headspace-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Cited by 16 publications

References 27 publications

Drug vaping applied to cannabis: Is “Cannavaping” a therapeutic alternative to marijuana?

Drug vaping applied to cannabis: Is “Cannavaping” a therapeutic alternative to marijuana?

Volatile lipophilic substances management in case of fatal sniffing

The Place of Gas Analysis in Forensic Toxicology

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