Achieving Dependability of Cyber Physical Systems with Autonomic Covering

Wan, Kaiyu; Alagar, Vangalur S.

doi:10.1109/dasc.2014.34

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Optimization is claimed to be the main strength in 7 studies. Two of those studies are on energy optimization ( [23], [24]), while resources optimization is the main strength of [25] and [26]. Two other studies are about energy saving ( [27], [28]) even if their main focus is not on optimization.…”

Section: Rq4 What Are the Strengths And Limitations Of Proposed Apprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-adaptation for cyber-physical systems

Muccini

Sharaf

Weyns

2016

Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems

107

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Context: Cyber-physical systems (CPS) seamlessly integrate computational and physical components. Adaptability, realized through feedback loops, is a key requirement to deal with uncertain operating conditions in CPS.Objective: We aim at assessing state-of-art approaches to handle self-adaptation in CPS at the architectural level.Method: We conducted a systematic literature review by searching four major scientific data bases, resulting in 1103 candidate studies and eventually retaining 42 primary studies included for data collection after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: The primary concerns of adaptation in CPS are performance, flexibility, and reliability. 64% of the studies apply adaptation at the application layer and 24% at the middleware layer. MAPE (Monitor-Analyze-Plan-Execute) is the dominant adaptation mechanism (60%), followed by agents and self-organization (both 29%). Remarkably, 36% of the studies combine different mechanisms to realize adaptation; 17% combine MAPE with agents. The dominating application domain is energy (24%).Conclusions: Our findings show that adaptation in CPS is a cross-layer concern, where solutions combine different adaptation mechanisms within and across layers. This raises challenges for future research both in the field of CPS and self-adaptation, including: how to map concerns to layers and adaptation mechanisms, how to coordinate adaptation mechanisms within and across layers, and how to ensure system-wide consistency of adaptation.

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Section: Rq4 What Are the Strengths And Limitations Of Proposed Apprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-adaptation for cyber-physical systems

Muccini

Sharaf

Weyns

2016

Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…All the parameters used are the same with the simulation in Section 6.2 . The actor amount is [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ] with the step of 2. According to the four figures Figure A4 a–d.…”

Section: Appendix A1 a Case Of Decentralized Decision Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Self-management is a more detailed proposal for AC systems, which includes four subcategories: self-configuring , self-healing , self-optimizing and self-protecting [ 11 ]. More and more studies try to introduce self-management (or AC) into CPS to improve the flexibility and adaptability [ 12 , 13 ], and the dependability [ 14 , 15 ]. Warriach et al expanded the categories of self-management with a set of self-* abilities, including self-healing , self-protection , self-awareness , self-organizing , self-synchronization and self-configuration , and analyzed both functional and nonfunctional requirements of self-healing in smart environment applications [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decentralized Compositional Framework for Dependable Decision Process in Self-Managed Cyber Physical Systems

Zhou

Zuo

Hou

et al. 2017

Sensors

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Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs) need to interact with the changeable environment under various interferences. To provide continuous and high quality services, a self-managed CPS should automatically reconstruct itself to adapt to these changes and recover from failures. Such dynamic adaptation behavior introduces systemic challenges for CPS design, advice evaluation and decision process arrangement. In this paper, a formal compositional framework is proposed to systematically improve the dependability of the decision process. To guarantee the consistent observation of event orders for causal reasoning, this work first proposes a relative time-based method to improve the composability and compositionality of the timing property of events. Based on the relative time solution, a formal reference framework is introduced for self-managed CPSs, which includes a compositional FSM-based actor model (subsystems of CPS), actor-based advice and runtime decomposable decisions. To simplify self-management, a self-similar recursive actor interface is proposed for decision (actor) composition. We provide constraints and seven patterns for the composition of reliability and process time requirements. Further, two decentralized decision process strategies are proposed based on our framework, and we compare the reliability with the static strategy and the centralized processing strategy. The simulation results show that the one-order feedback strategy has high reliability, scalability and stability against the complexity of decision and random failure. This paper also shows a way to simplify the evaluation for dynamic system by improving the composability and compositionality of the subsystem.

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“…6) MDE is a holistic solution to tame the complexity and the decrease the risk of CPS engineering. It should be mentioned that 7) specifications [257][258] is also the useful measure to guarantee the quality of CPS. Seven missing pieces of current jigsaw are concluded: 1) theory, infrastructure and tools supporting for timing behavior at high level are urgently needed.…”

Section: Available and Missing Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Technological Survey on Dependable Self-Managing CPS: The Decade of Researches on Correctness and Dependability

Zhou¹,

Hou²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Though Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) become very popular in last the decade, dependability of CPS is still a critical issue and related survey is rare. We try to spell out the jigsaw of technologies and figure out the technical trends of dependable self-managing CPS. This survey first recalls the motivation and the similar concepts. By analyzing four generic architectures, we summarize the common characteristics and related assurance technologies, and propose a more generic environment-in-loop processing flow of CPS and a formal interaction flow between physical space and cyber space. Further, the similarity between correctness and dependability is formally analyzed and the new five research questions of dependable self-managing CPS are presented. Then we review the critical technologies and related correctness verification & validation (V&V) methods, the architectures for dependable self-managing CPS. Further, the detail dependability management and V&V technologies are surveyed, which covers the areas of running-time fault management methods and whole life cycle V&V technologies, maintenance and available tool sets. For holistic CPS development, Modeling techniques and MDE (model driven engineering) based V&V methods are analyzed in detail. Then we complete the jigsaw of technologies and figure out the missing part. Further, we propose the technical challenges and the further direction. To our best knowledge, this is the first comprehensive survey on dependable self-managing CPS development and evaluation.

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Achieving Dependability of Cyber Physical Systems with Autonomic Covering

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Self-adaptation for cyber-physical systems

Self-adaptation for cyber-physical systems

A Decentralized Compositional Framework for Dependable Decision Process in Self-Managed Cyber Physical Systems

A Comprehensive Technological Survey on Dependable Self-Managing CPS: The Decade of Researches on Correctness and Dependability

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