Achieving high power density and excellent durability for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on crosslinked branched polybenzimidazole and metal-organic frameworks

Wu, Yingnan; Liu, Xiaoting; Yang, Fan; Zhou, Lingxiao; Yin, Bibo; Wang, Peng; Wang, Lei

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119288

Cited by 99 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…ZIFS have also been used as fillers for SPEEK membranes with similar enhancing results [ 131 ]. In a recent work by Wang and coworkers, MOF UiO-66 was introduced in a crosslinked PBI membrane, reaching high proton conductivity (up to 0.100·S cm −1 ) and achieving a maximum high peak power density of 607 mW·cm −2 at 160 °C [ 132 ]…”

Section: Development Of Proton Exchange Membranes (Pem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

Tellez-Cruz¹,

et al. 2021

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The study of the electrochemical catalyst conversion of renewable electricity and carbon oxides into chemical fuels attracts a great deal of attention by different researchers. The main role of this process is in mitigating the worldwide energy crisis through a closed technological carbon cycle, where chemical fuels, such as hydrogen, are stored and reconverted to electricity via electrochemical reaction processes in fuel cells. The scientific community focuses its efforts on the development of high-performance polymeric membranes together with nanomaterials with high catalytic activity and stability in order to reduce the platinum group metal applied as a cathode to build stacks of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to work at low and moderate temperatures. The design of new conductive membranes and nanoparticles (NPs) whose morphology directly affects their catalytic properties is of utmost importance. Nanoparticle morphologies, like cubes, octahedrons, icosahedrons, bipyramids, plates, and polyhedrons, among others, are widely studied for catalysis applications. The recent progress around the high catalytic activity has focused on the stabilizing agents and their potential impact on nanomaterial synthesis to induce changes in the morphology of NPs.

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Section: Development Of Proton Exchange Membranes (Pem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

Tellez-Cruz¹,

et al. 2021

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“…The peaks of the branched structure are detected at 7.18, 8.04, and 8.07 ppm. [15,16] The Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) spectra further confirms the successful synthesis of B (Figure S2, Supporting Information). The strong absorption bands at 3000−3500 cm −1 are attributed to the stretching vibration of the N−H in imidazole rings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Synthesis of B: B with a 6% branching degree was synthesized according to the previously reported work. [16] Synthesis of BH and BHC Membranes: The different contents of porous carbon-ZrO 2 were added into a dimethyl sulfoxide solution and subjected to ultrasonication for 1 h. Thereafter, an acrylamide monomer and an ultrasound solution of porous ca rbon-ZrO 2 were poured into a solution of B and stirred for 12 h to obtain a homogenous solution. Subsequently, potassium persulfate was added as the initiator.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to the unsustainability of fossil fuel resources as well as the environmental problems challenges, associated with the burning of fossil fuels, it is imminent to explore other clean polymers to improve the free volume of PBI membranes is an efficient strategy to strengthen their dimensional stability. [14][15][16] PBI polymers with such 3D dendritic structures can improve the antioxidative stability of the membrane as well as assist the membrane to form accessible and interconnected cavities. These cavities can increase the water and PA absorptions and increase the proton conductivity of PBI membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Construction of Stable Wide‐Temperature‐Range Proton Exchange Membranes by Incorporating a Carbonized Metal–Organic Frame into Polybenzimidazoles and Polyacrylamide Hydrogels

Yin

Liang

et al. 2021

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Fuel cells (FCs) are promising energy devices owing to their high efficiency and minimized pollutant emission. Among the various types of FCs, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell-based ones (PEMFC) are attractive in automobile, portable, and transportation power applications. [1][2][3][4] Presently, high-temperature PEMFCs (HT-PEMFCs) operating at >140 °C are greatly interesting because of their high carbon monoxide tolerance, high electrode kinetics, and simplified water/thermal management systems. [5][6][7] Phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole (PA-PBI) is a promising candidate for high-temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) owing to its excellent chemical and thermal stabilities, as well as good protonconducting capability, at elevated temperatures and low humidity. [8][9][10] However, the rapid decrease in the proton-conducting capability of PA-PBI at a low temperature (<100 °C) owing to fast loss of phosphoric acid caused by water accumulated in the frequent cold start-ups (condensate water) and oxygen reduction reactions (water produced by the chemical reaction) at the FCs cathode during normal vehicle drive cycles, has limited their application in FC electric vehicles (FCEVs). [11] In the PA-PBI membrane, the interaction energy of PA-water is much stronger than interaction energy between PA-BI and two PAs. The water molecules from the environment penetrate into the PA cluster of PA-PBI until the base polymers cannot hold the water and PA and bring "loosely bound" PA molecules out of the membrane (PA leaching). [12] To address the aforementioned issue, our group incorporated polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels into poly(4,4′-diphenylether-5,5′-bibenzimidazole) (OPBI), named OPBI-AM, to prepare a wide-temperature-range PEM. [13] The OPBI-AM membrane was self-assembled from OPBI and acrylamide, after which PAM was naturally formed beneath OPBI. The water and PA absorptions of the PAM hydrogels improved the low-and hightemperature conductivities of OPBI-AM, they also accounted for the large swell ratio of PEM, which severely deteriorated the performance and durability of PEMFC. This cold start-up challenge must be improved. The introduction of branched Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are promising devices for clean power generation in fuel cell electric vehicles applications. The further request of high-efficiency and cost competitive technology make high-temperature proton exchange membranes utilizing phosphoric aciddoped polybenzimidazole be favored because they can work well up to 180 °C without extra humidifier. However, they face quick loss of phosphoric acid below 120 °C and resulting in the limits of commercialization. Herein UiO-66 derived carbon (porous carbon-ZrO 2 ), comprising branched poly(4,4′-diphenylether-5,5′-bibenzimidazole) and polyacrylamide hydrogels self-assembly (BHC1-4) membranes for wide-temperature-range operation (80-160 °C) is presented. These two-phase membranes contained the hygroscopicity of polyacrylamide hydrogels improve the low-temperature proton conductiv...

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“…Accordingly, various renewable-energy-related systems have been developed, including solar cells, supercapacitors, metal-ion/metal-air batteries, and fuel cells, that have been recognized as potential energy storage devices [ 2 , 3 ]. Among these, the proton-exchange membrane (PEM) and anionic-exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cell technologies are appropriate for portable devices and energy power supply [ 4 , 5 ]. However, PEM fuel cells have limitations in mass production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling-Resistant, Crosslinked Polyvinyl Alcohol Membranes with High ZIF-8 Nanofiller Loadings as Effective Solid Electrolytes for Alkaline Fuel Cells

Hsu

Kumar

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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The present work investigates the direct mixing of aqueous zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) suspension into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) to form swelling-resistant, mechanically robust and conductivity retentive composite membranes. This drying-free nanofiller incorporation method enhances the homogeneous ZIF-8 distributions in the PVA/ZIF-8/GA composites to overcome the nanofiller aggregation problem in the mixed matrix membranes. Various ZIF-8 concentrations (25.4, 40.5 and 45.4 wt.%) are used to study the suitability of the resulting GA-crosslinked composites for direct alkaline methanol fuel cell (DAMFC). Surface morphological analysis confirmed homogeneous ZIF-8 particle distribution in the GA-crosslinked composites with a defect- and crack-free structure. The increased ionic conductivity (21% higher than the ZIF-free base material) and suppressed alcohol permeability (94% lower from the base material) of PVA/40.5%ZIF-8/GA resulted in the highest selectivity among the prepared composites. In addition, the GA-crosslinked composites’ selectivity increased to 1.5–2 times that of those without crosslink. Moreover, the ZIF-8 nanofillers improved the mechanical strength and alkaline stability of the composites. This was due to the negligible volume swelling ratio (<1.4%) of high (>40%) ZIF-8-loaded composites. After 168 h of alkaline treatment, the PVA/40.5%ZIF-8/GA composite had almost negligible ionic conductivity loss (0.19%) compared with the initial material. The maximum power density (Pmax) of PVA/40.5%ZIF-8/GA composite was 190.5 mW cm−2 at 60 °C, an increase of 181% from the PVA/GA membrane. Moreover, the Pmax of PVA/40.5%ZIF-8/GA was 10% higher than that without GA crosslinking. These swelling-resistant and stable solid electrolytes are promising in alkaline fuel cell applications.

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Achieving high power density and excellent durability for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on crosslinked branched polybenzimidazole and metal-organic frameworks

Cited by 99 publications

References 57 publications

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

Construction of Stable Wide‐Temperature‐Range Proton Exchange Membranes by Incorporating a Carbonized Metal–Organic Frame into Polybenzimidazoles and Polyacrylamide Hydrogels

Swelling-Resistant, Crosslinked Polyvinyl Alcohol Membranes with High ZIF-8 Nanofiller Loadings as Effective Solid Electrolytes for Alkaline Fuel Cells

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