Acinetobacter baumannii – a neglected pathogen in veterinary and environmental health in Germany

Wareth, Gamal; Neubauer, Heinrich; Sprague, Lisa D.

doi:10.1007/s11259-018-9742-0

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A. baumannii was isolated from the patients' environment, patients' belongings and room equipment [15,16]. A. baumannii can survive in the environment for a prolonged time and it can colonize non-human hosts for example, pet animals with ease [69]. The occurrence of genotypically related clones I-III in animals and humans in Germany raises the concern about the possibility of a spillover of the organisms from humans to animals or vice versa [63].…”

Section: The Risk Factors Associated With a Baumannii Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii in Germany—A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Studies on Resistance Development in Humans (2000–2018)

et al. 2020

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Acinetobacter (A.) baumannii has gained global notoriety as a significant nosocomial pathogen because it is frequently associated with multi-drug resistance and hospital-based outbreaks. There is a substantial difference in the incidence of A. baumannii infections between different countries and within Germany. However, its continuous spread within Germany is a matter of concern. A systematic literature search and analysis of the literature published between 2000 and 2018 on A. baumannii in humans was performed. Forty-four studies out of 216 articles met the criteria for inclusion, and were selected and reviewed. The number of published articles is increasing over time gradually. Case reports and outbreak investigations are representing the main body of publications. North Rhine-Westphalia, Hesse and Baden-Wuerttemberg were states with frequent reports. Hospitals in Cologne and Frankfurt were often mentioned as specialized institutions. Multiresistant strains carrying diverse resistance genes were isolated in 13 of the 16 German states. The oxacillinase blaOXA-23-like, intrinsic blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-58 variant, blaNDM-1, blaGES-11, blaCTX-M and blaTEM are the most predominant resistance traits found in German A. baumannii isolates. Five clonal lineages IC-2, IC-7, IC-1, IC-4 and IC-6 and six sequence types ST22, ST53, ST195, ST218, ST944/ST78 and ST348/ST2 have been reported. Due to multidrug resistance, colistin, tigecycline, aminoglycosides, fosfomycin, ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozan/tazobactam were often reported to be the only effective antibiotics left to treat quadruple multi-resistant Gram-negative (4MRGN) A. baumannii. Dissemination and infection rates of A. baumannii are on the rise nationwide. Hence, several aspects of resistance development and pathogenesis are not fully understood yet. Increased awareness, extensive study of mechanisms of resistance and development of alternative strategies for treatment are required. One-Health genomic surveillance is needed to understand the dynamics of spread, to identify the main reservoirs and routes of transmission and to develop targeted intervention strategies.

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Section: The Risk Factors Associated With a Baumannii Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii in Germany—A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Studies on Resistance Development in Humans (2000–2018)

et al. 2020

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“…Acinetobacter baumannii is known as an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen in hospitals and is associated with a wide range of infections in healthcare facilities. 1 Antibacterial resistance in multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii isolates is an important issue, and molecular studies are considered serious strategies for controlling the outbreak of these isolates. 2 A. baumannii resistance to several antimicrobial drugs has increasingly been elevated in recent decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Survey on Genetic Diversity, Biofilm Formation, and Detection of Colistin Resistance Genes in Clinical Isolates of <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em></p>

Khoshnood¹,

Savari²,

Montazeri³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for nosocomial infections. The emergence of colistin-resistant A. baumannii is a significant threat to public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular characterization and genotyping of clinical A. baumannii isolates in Southwestern Iran. Methods: A total of 70 A. baumannii isolates were collected from patients admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz, Southwestern Iran. Minimum inhibitory concentration test was conducted by using Vitek 2 system. The presence of biofilm-forming genes and colistin resistance-related genes were evaluated by PCR. The isolates were also examined for their biofilm formation ability and the expression of pmrA and pmrB genes. Finally, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and PCR-based sequence group were used to determine the genetic relationships of the isolates. Results: Overall, 61 (87.1%) and 9 (12.8%) isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR), respectively. Colistin and tigecycline with 2 (2.8%) and 32 (45.7%) resistance rates had the highest effect. Among all the isolates, 55 (78.5%), 7 (10%), and 3 (4.3%) were strong, moderate, and weak biofilm producers, respectively. The frequency rates of biofilm-related genes were 64 (91.4%), 70 (100%), 56 (80%), and 22 (31.42%) for bap, ompA, csuE, and bla PER1 , respectively. Overexpression of pmrA and pmrB genes was observed in two colistin-resistance isolates, but the expression of these genes did not change in colistin-sensitive isolates. Additionally, 37 (52.8%) and 8 (11.4%) isolates belonged to groups 1 (ICII) and 2 (IC I), respectively. MLST analysis revealed a total of nine different sequence types that six isolates belonged to clonal complex 92 (corresponding to ST801, ST118, ST138, ST 421, and ST735). Other isolates were belonging to ST133 and ST216, and two colistin-resistant (Ab4 and Ab41) isolates were belonging to ST387 and ST1812. Conclusion: The present study revealed the presence of MDR and XDR A. baumannii isolates harboring biofilm genes and emergence of colistin-resistant isolates in Southwestern Iran. These isolates had high diversity, which was affirmed by typing techniques. The control measures and regular surveillance are urgently needed to preclude the spread of these isolates.

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“…Acinetobacter baumannii was designated taxonomically after appearing as a human pathogen [ 530 , 531 , 532 , 533 ]. Acinetobacter baumannii is also a veterinary pathogen [ 534 , 535 , 536 , 537 , 538 ], but, unlike P. aeruginosa , it has not appeared as a plant pathogen. Acinetobacter baumannii is a very successful pathogen [ 539 ].…”

Section: Clonally Evolving Pan-genomic Eskape Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug Resistance (MDR) and Collateral Sensitivity in Bacteria, with Special Attention to Genetic and Evolutionary Aspects and to the Perspectives of Antimicrobial Peptides—A Review

Fodor

Abate²,

Deák

et al. 2020

Pathogens

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Antibiotic poly-resistance (multidrug-, extreme-, and pan-drug resistance) is controlled by adaptive evolution. Darwinian and Lamarckian interpretations of resistance evolution are discussed. Arguments for, and against, pessimistic forecasts on a fatal “post-antibiotic era” are evaluated. In commensal niches, the appearance of a new antibiotic resistance often reduces fitness, but compensatory mutations may counteract this tendency. The appearance of new antibiotic resistance is frequently accompanied by a collateral sensitivity to other resistances. Organisms with an expanding open pan-genome, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, can withstand an increased number of resistances by exploiting their evolutionary plasticity and disseminating clonally or poly-clonally. Multidrug-resistant pathogen clones can become predominant under antibiotic stress conditions but, under the influence of negative frequency-dependent selection, are prevented from rising to dominance in a population in a commensal niche. Antimicrobial peptides have a great potential to combat multidrug resistance, since antibiotic-resistant bacteria have shown a high frequency of collateral sensitivity to antimicrobial peptides. In addition, the mobility patterns of antibiotic resistance, and antimicrobial peptide resistance, genes are completely different. The integron trade in commensal niches is fortunately limited by the species-specificity of resistance genes. Hence, we theorize that the suggested post-antibiotic era has not yet come, and indeed might never come.

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Acinetobacter baumannii – a neglected pathogen in veterinary and environmental health in Germany

Cited by 40 publications

References 34 publications

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii in Germany—A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Studies on Resistance Development in Humans (2000–2018)

Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii in Germany—A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Studies on Resistance Development in Humans (2000–2018)

<p>Survey on Genetic Diversity, Biofilm Formation, and Detection of Colistin Resistance Genes in Clinical Isolates of <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em></p>

Multidrug Resistance (MDR) and Collateral Sensitivity in Bacteria, with Special Attention to Genetic and Evolutionary Aspects and to the Perspectives of Antimicrobial Peptides—A Review

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