“…These features consequently enable improvements in terms of phase noise and frequency stability of the oscillator implementation that integrates the piezoelectric-on-silicon resonator as the frequency determining element [ 25 ]. Leveraging these benefits of piezoelectric transduction, several papers in the literature have demonstrated applications to gravimetric sensing including to particulate matter detection and mass sensing in liquids [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”