Acoustic fluidized bed hydrodynamics characterization using X-ray computed tomography

Characterizing Jetting in an Acoustic Fluidized Bed Using X-Ray Computed Tomography

“…To induce the acoustic vibration in the fluidized bed, a loudspeaker is located at the top of the fluidized bed. This speaker emits sine waves that are generated using a function generator at different frequencies with a specify amplitude controlled by a an amplifier, more details of the entire setup can be found in [15,18].…”

“…The X-ray equipment used in this research is described in detail by Heindel et al [19]; the procedure used for this study is described in detail by Escudero and Heindel [18].…”

“…Gas holdup is the volumetric gas fraction present in the gassolid fluidized bed, and is useful to characterize the hydrodynamic behavior of this multiphase flow system. Escudero and Heindel [18,20] describe the mathematical equations used to quantify the local time-average gas holdup, ε g ; the data obtained from that previous study are used to analyze the jetting phenomena that occurs near the distributor plate with and without acoustic intervention.…”

“…Noninvasive techniques have also been used to investigate the effects of acoustic waves on the void fraction distribution in fluidized beds. Escudero and Heindel [18] used X-ray computed tomography imaging to characterize the gas distribution in an acoustic gas-solid fluidized bed. They concluded that the addition of sound waves at a specific frequency and sound pressure level provided a more uniform particle distribution inside the bed.…”

Characterization of scalar mixing in dense gaseous jets using X-ray computed tomography

“…These devices were fundamentally designed to image internal structures through an optically opaque outer shell, and similar systems have already been successfully utilized to measure mean flow structures in the context of fuel sprays and multiphase flows (Chaouki et al 1997;Coletti et al 2014;Escudero and Heindel 2014;Linne 2013). The recent work of Heindel (2011) provides a detailed overview of applications of X-ray diagnostics to multiphase flows, with a substantial emphasis on tomographic methods.…”