Acoustic reflex thresholds in young and elderly subjects with normal hearing

Gelfand, Stanley A.; Piper, Neil

doi:10.1121/1.385352

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…This divergence is consistent with previous reports that showed differences ranging from 8 to 11 dB for temporal integration at 1000 ms ͑Handler and Margolis, 1977;Silman, 1979a, b;Gelfand and Piper, 1981;Wilson, 1981͒. It has been suggested that the difference in the ART for the BBN activator at 1000 ms is related to the slight differences in hearing sensitivity between younger adults with normal-hearing sensitivity and older adults with normal-hearing sensitivity ͑Jerger et al., 1978a.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Although aging effects on the acoustic-reflex threshold ͑ART͒ for the tonal activator appear to be absent ͑Osterhammel and Osterhammel, 1979;Silman, 1979a;Gelfand and Piper, 1981;Thompson et al, 1980;Silverman et al, 1983;Silman et al, 1987͒, several studies have shown significantly increased ARTs for the broad-band noise ͑BBN͒ activator in older than younger adults ͑Handler and Margolis, 1977;Silman, 1979a;Gelfand and Piper, 1981;Silverman et al, 1983͒. Jakimetz et al ͑1989͒ investigated the effect of signal bandwidth and spectral density on the ART in the elderly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal integration of the contralateral acoustic-reflex threshold and its age-related changes

Emmer

Silman

Silverman

et al. 2006

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Although numerous studies have investigated temporal integration of the acoustic-reflex threshold (ART), research is lacking on the effect of age on temporal integration of the ART. Therefore the effect of age on temporal integration of the ART was investigated for a broad-band noise (BBN) activator. Subjects consisted of two groups of adults with normal-hearing sensitivity: one group of 20 young adults (ten males and ten females, ages 18-29 years, with a mean age of 24 years) and one group of 20 older adults (ten males and ten females, ages 59-75 years, with a mean age of 67.5 years). Activating stimulus durations were 12, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 ms. Significant main effects for duration and age were obtained. That is, as the duration increased, the acoustic reflex threshold for BBN decreased. The interactions of duration x age group and duration x hearing level were not significant. The result of pair-wise analysis indicated statistically significant differences between the two age groups at durations of 20 ms and longer. The observed age effect on temporal integration of the ART for the BBN activator is interpreted in relation to senescent changes in the auditory system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal integration of the contralateral acoustic-reflex threshold and its age-related changes

Emmer

Silman

Silverman

et al. 2006

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…The acoustic reflex thresholds were observed to increase in the measurements made using noise stimulus. Similar results were shown in the study of Gelfand and Piper (26). At the same time, while the acoustic reflex was obtained with LP noise stimulus in one of the six ears in the geriatric group in which it couldn't be obtained with 500-1000 Hz pure tone, it was obtained with HP noise stimulus in five of nine ears in which it couldn't be obtained with 2000-4000 Hz pure tone.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Evaluation of Acoustic Reflex and Reflex Decay Tests in Geriatric Group

Ünsal¹,

Karataş²,

Kaya³

et al. 2016

Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Objective: To determine average acoustic reflex thresholds in geriatric groups by assessing ipsilateral and contralateral acoustic reflex and reflex decay tests. Methods:A total of 25 elders between ages 65-84 years (74.3±5.4) and 25 individuals between ages 18-45 years (30.4±4.2) were recruited for the study. After ear, nose, and throat examination, ipsilateral and contralateral acoustic reflex thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hertz (Hz) were determined and a reflex decay test at contralateral 500 Hz was conducted. Ipsilateral acoustic reflex thresholds were obtained with high-frequency band, low-frequency band, and wide band noise, and the results were compared with ipsilateral acoustic reflexes at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz.

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“…Peripheral auditory deterioration with aging has been demonstrated by anatomical (Bredberg, 1968 ), psychoacoustic (e.g., Leshowitz, 1977;Patterson et al, 1982), and acoustic reflex (Gelfand and Piper, 1981;Silman, 1979;Silman and Gelfand, 1981) findings. However, central auditory deterioration has also been demonstrated by anatomical (e.g., Brody, 1955), behavioral (Bergman, 1971 Although the evidence of involvement at both the peripheral and central levels is compelling, there is increasing evidence that peripheral factors may be more important than previously considered (Dubno et al, 1984;Leshowitz, 1977;Gelfand et al, 1985).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consonant recognition in quiet and in noise with aging among normal hearing listeners

Gelfand

Piper

Silman

1986

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Consonant recognition in quiet and in noise was investigated as a function of age for essentially normal hearing listeners 21-68 years old, using the nonsense syllable test (NST) [Resnick et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 1 58, S114 (1975)]. The subjects audited the materials in quiet and at S/N ratios of +10 and +5 dB at their most comfortable listening levels (MCLs). The MCLs approximated conversational speech levels and were not significantly different between the age groups. The effects of age group, S/N condition (quiet, S/N +10, S/N +5) and NST subsets, and the S/N condition X subset interaction were all significant. Interactions involving the age factor were nonsignificant. Confusion matrices were similar across age groups, including the directions of errors between the most frequently confused phonemes. Also, the older subjects experienced performance decrements on the same features that were least accurately recognized by the younger subjects. The findings suggest that essentially normal older persons listening in quiet and in noise experience decreased consonant recognition ability, but that the nature of their phoneme confusions is similar to that of younger individuals. Even though the older subjects met the same selection criteria as did younger ones, there was an expected shift upward in auditory thresholds with age within these limits. Sensitivity at 8000 Hz was correlated with NST scores in noise when controlling for age, but the correlation between performance in noise and age was nonsignificant when controlling for the 8000-Hz threshold. These associations seem to implicate the phenomena underlying the increased 8000-Hz thresholds in the speech recognition problems of the elderly, and appear to support the concept of peripheral auditory deterioration with aging even among those with essentially normal hearing.

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Acoustic reflex thresholds in young and elderly subjects with normal hearing

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Temporal integration of the contralateral acoustic-reflex threshold and its age-related changes

Temporal integration of the contralateral acoustic-reflex threshold and its age-related changes

Evaluation of Acoustic Reflex and Reflex Decay Tests in Geriatric Group

Consonant recognition in quiet and in noise with aging among normal hearing listeners

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