Acoustics and vibrations in a complex piping network with pump startup–shutdown transients

A thermodynamically consistent model for hydraulic transients in metallic pipes undergoing elasto-viscoplastic deformations

“…Hydraulic transients are generated whenever changes in the momentum of the fluid in the conduit take place. This occurs daily in a diverse range of industries, as these changes are associated with common events in the operation of liquid transmission lines, such as closing and opening valve maneuvers, pump start-up and shutdown, fluid loading variations, as well as structural vibrations [1]. The phenomenon is amplified when unscheduled events that cause severe fluid transients occur, such as valve slams, equipment and power failures, or even fluid-pipe-related accidents [2].…”