Acrylic Matrix Type Nicotine Transdermal Patches: In Vitro Evaluations and Batch-to-Batch Uniformity

Prakongpan, Sompol; Priprem, Aroonsri

doi:10.1081/ddc-120024180

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Ketoprofen flux increased when ketoprofen content in the patches was increased. These results are similar to those obtained for nicotine acrylic patch [11,12]. The higher the ketoprofen content of the patch, the higher the diffusion activity of the drug; furthermore, the higher drug content reduces the relative amount polymer matrix, thus lowering the diffusional barrier to the drug.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Development and Evaluation of Ketoprofen Acrylic Transdermal Patches

Ngawhirunpat¹,

Thipwichai²,

Opanasopit³

et al. 2012

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The high correlation coefficient between ketoprofen permeation and square root of time indicates that the patch-skin system formed a single homogeneous polymeric film [11]. Ketoprofen flux increased when ketoprofen content in the patches was increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Development and Evaluation of Ketoprofen Acrylic Transdermal Patches

Ngawhirunpat¹,

Thipwichai²,

Opanasopit³

et al. 2012

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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“…Thus, the rate control studies of the NCT-MAS complex-loaded matrix tablets were modified from the method that was reported previously (31,32). The fractional rate control provided by the device (buccal tablet) and the mucosal membrane could be computed using the NCT release and permeation data from the unidirectional testing and the following equations:…”

Section: Rate Control Studies Of the Matrix Tabletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pH Modifiers and HPMC Viscosity Grades on Nicotine–Magnesium Aluminum Silicate Complex-Loaded Buccal Matrix Tablets

Kanjanabat

2012

AAPS PharmSciTech

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Abstract. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) tablets containing nicotine-magnesium aluminum silicate (NCT-MAS) complex particles and pH modifiers, namely, sodium chloride, citric acid, and magnesium hydroxide, were prepared using the direct compression method. The effects of HPMC viscosity grades and pH modifiers on NCT release and permeation of the matrix tablets were examined. The results showed that the higher the viscosity grade of HPMC that was used in the tablets, the lower was the unidirectional NCT release rate found. The unidirectional NCT permeation was not affected by the viscosity grade of HPMC because the NCT diffusion through the mucosal membrane was the rate-limiting step of the permeation. Incorporation of magnesium hydroxide could retard NCT release, whereas the enhancement of unidirectional NCT release was found in the tablets containing citric acid. Citric acid could inhibit NCT permeation due to the formation of protonated NCT in the swollen tablets at an acidic pH. Conversely, the NCT permeation rate increased with the use of magnesium hydroxide as a result of the neutral NCT that formed at a basic microenvironmental pH. The swollen HPMC tablets, with or without pH modifiers, gave sufficient adhesion to the mucosal membrane. Furthermore, the addition of magnesium hydroxide to the matrix tablets was the major factor in controlling buccal delivery of NCT. This study suggests that the NCT-MAS complex-loaded HPMC tablets, which contained magnesium hydroxide, are potential buccal delivery systems of NCT.KEY WORDS: buccal tablet; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; magnesium aluminum silicate; nicotine; pH modifier.

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“…The monolithic transdermal systems are interesting due to their ease of fabrication and lack of dose dumping (1). Transdermal route shows certain benefits; however, the barrier function of stratum corneum necessitates enhancing the transdermal delivery of therapeutic agents (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Transdermal Delivery Enhancement of Zidovudine

2009

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Abstract. The purpose of this study was to investigate physicochemical characteristics and in vitro release of zidovudine from monolithic film of Eudragit RL 100 and ethyl cellulose. Films included 2.5% or 5% (w/w) zidovudine of the dry polymer weight were prepared in various ratios of polymers by solvent evaporation method from methanol/acetone solvent mixture. The release studies were carried out by vertical Franz cells (2.2 cm 2 area, 20 ml receptor fluid). Ex vivo studies were done on Wistar rat skin within the films F6 (Eudragit RL100) and F7 (Eudragit RL100/Ethylcellulose, 1:1) consisting 5% (w/w) zidovudine in comparison with the same amount of free drug. Either iontophoresis (0.1 and 0.5 mA/cm 2 direct currents, Ag/AgCl electrodes) or dimethyl sulfoxide (pretreatment of 1% and 5%, w/w, solutions) were used as enhancers. Films consisting of ethyl cellulose under the ratio of 50% (w/w) gave similar release profiles, and the highest in vitro cumulative released amount was achieved with F6 film which gave the closest results with the free drug. This result could be due to the high swelling capacity and recrystallization inhibition effect of RL 100 polymer which also influenced the film homogenization. All the films were fitted to Higuchi release kinetics. It was also observed that both 0.5-mA/cm 2 current and 5% (w/w) dimethyl sulfoxide applications significantly increased the cumulative permeated amount of zidovudine after 8 h; however, the flux enhancement ratio was higher for 0.5-mA/cm 2 current application, especially within F6 film. Thus, it was concluded that Eudragit RL100 film (F6) could be further evaluated for the transdermal application of zidovudine.

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Acrylic Matrix Type Nicotine Transdermal Patches: In Vitro Evaluations and Batch-to-Batch Uniformity

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Development and Evaluation of Ketoprofen Acrylic Transdermal Patches

Development and Evaluation of Ketoprofen Acrylic Transdermal Patches

Influence of pH Modifiers and HPMC Viscosity Grades on Nicotine–Magnesium Aluminum Silicate Complex-Loaded Buccal Matrix Tablets

Studies on Transdermal Delivery Enhancement of Zidovudine

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