Actinomyces neuii: a case report of a rare cause of acute infective endocarditis and literature review

Yang, Wei-Teng; Grant, Matthew

doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4149-2

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…11,12 A previous study has demonstrated the performance of MALDI-TOF MS in identification of endocarditis due to A neuii . 13 As in this case, MALDI-TOF MS was used to confirm the etiologic organism in subacute endocarditis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Bacterial Endocarditis Caused by Actinomyces oris: First Reported Case and Literature Review

Phichaphop

Apiwattanakul

Wanitkun

et al. 2020

Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports

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Actinomyces species are gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacilli. Infection caused by Actinomyces species is usually limited to cervicofacial, thoracic, and abdominopelvic regions. Infective endocarditis due to Actinomyces species is extremely rare with only 30 reported cases since 1939. We report a case of Actinomyces oris endocarditis in a 14-year-old boy who had a 2-week history of dyspnea on exertion without other constitutional signs. Transthoracic echocardiography was suggestive of perforation of the right coronary cusp of aortic valve. No organisms were isolated from blood cultures. The patient underwent surgical valve repair due to deteriorated cardiac function. Valve tissue culture did not initially identify the organism. However, the terminal subculture in a thioglycolate broth grew gram-positive bacilli. The matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was compatible with Actinomyces oris. After 6 weeks of intravenous ampicillin, the patient remained well with improved cardiac function. We reviewed all reported cases of infective endocarditis caused by Actinomyces species, commenting on clinical characteristics and factors associated with unfavorable outcomes in infective endocarditis due to Actinomyces species. Although infective endocarditis caused by Actinomyces spp is rare, it could be considered in a case of culture-negative endocarditis since the clinical features might be indistinguishable from other bacterial endocarditis. Additionally, MALDI-TOF MS is a useful diagnostic tool for the identification of Actinomyces spp to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Bacterial Endocarditis Caused by Actinomyces oris: First Reported Case and Literature Review

Phichaphop

Apiwattanakul

Wanitkun

et al. 2020

Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports

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“…Treatments were heterogeneous as well, including surgical debridement and oral, intravenous and intraperitoneal antibiotics. Only 1 of 20 reported cases resulted in death 21‐39 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare case of Actinomyces skin and soft tissue infection in an end‐stage kidney disease patient with a review of the literature

Hsueh

Kacharam

Shah

2020

Hemodialysis International

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End‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients are a commonly overlooked immunocompromised population that places them at risk for rare infections. We describe the case of a 78‐year‐old man with a history of ESKD managed with thrice weekly in‐center hemodialysis who had a prolonged episode of left elbow pain and drainage and was eventually found to have a skin and soft tissue infection from Actinomyces radingae. We review the bacteriology of Actinomyces spp. and the experiences of other providers who have treated actinomycosis in individuals with ESKD. The anatomic sites and demographics of these individuals are heterogeneous, but they all generally require a long antibiotic course with a beta‐lactam and portend to a good prognosis. High index of suspicion is needed to identify rare and atypical infections in the ESKD population.

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“…Actinomyces neuii je stanovnik normalne mikroflore kože i sluzokože i to pogotovo oralne sluznice (kao i većina sojeva aktinomiceta i korinebakterija) [2]. Ipak, u studijama koje su uklјučene u ovaj sistematski pregledni članak pokazano je da A. neuii može izazvati endokarditis [9,17,22], endoftalmitis [8,26,28,29,30], osteomijelitis [15], pleuralni empijem [24], apsces [6,7,10,21], neonatalnu sepsu [14,23], peritonitis [18,27], infekcije ventrikuloperitonealnog šanta [13,19], infekcije periprostetičkog tkiva [16], infekcije proteze i okolnog tkiva [20,25].…”

Section: Slika 4 Antibiotici Korišćeni U Lečenju Infekcija Uzrokovanunclassified

“…neuii može biti deo normalne flore čoveka, i kao takva najčešće obitava u usnoj duplјi ili u urogenitalnom traktu [2]. Najčešće izaziva infekcije mekih tkiva i lezije na koži [6], 5apscese [7], edoftalmitis [8], enokarditis [9], bakterijemiju [10], a mogući je i izazivač perikarditisa, osteomijelitisa i horioamnionitisa [5,11]. Ne postoje dokazi da starost ili broj godina utiču značajno na razliku u učestalosti inficiranja ovim uzročnikom, ali sigurno je da Acinetobacter neuii češće prouzrokuje obolјenja kod imunokompromitovanih pacijenata.…”

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Antimicrobial treatment of Acinetobacter neuii invasive infections: A systematic review

Milentijević¹,

Katanic²,

Aritonović-Pribaković³

et al. 2019

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Aims: The objectives of this study were to find out whether and to what extent Actinomyces neuii is pathogenic to humans in terms of causing invasive infections and to ascertain the most appropriate and effective antibiotic therapy against this bacterium. Material and method: This study was designed as a systematic review article. MEDLINE, Google Scholar, SCIndex, Cochrane database of published clinical trials - Central and Clinicaltrials.gov databases were systematically searched for primary case reports or case series describing invasive infection with Actinomyces neuii. Results: A literature search identified 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria, describing cases of patients with an invasive infection caused by Actinomyces neuii. It was found that A. neuii could cause endocarditis, endophthalmitis, osteomyelitis, pleural empyema, soft tissue abscesses, neonatal sepsis, ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections and periprosthetic tissue infections. The most prescribed antibiotics for the treatment of Actinomyces neuii infections were amoxicillin and vancomycin (n = 10; 12.3%), followed by penicillin (n =9; 11.1%), gentamicin (n = 6; 7.4%), ampicillin (n = 5; 6.2%) and ceftazidime (n = 4; 4.9%). Antibiotic treatment of infections caused by A. neuii was followed by clinical improvement or complete cure of all patients, with no recorded deaths. Conclusion: A. neuii has a relevant pathogenic potential to cause invasive infections of various organs and tissues, especially in immunocompromised individuals of any age. For the treatment of mild infections caused by this bacterium, the antibiotics of choice are penicillin or amoxicillin, while vancomycin should be used to treat severe infections caused by Actinomyces neuii.

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Actinomyces neuii: a case report of a rare cause of acute infective endocarditis and literature review

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

Bacterial Endocarditis Caused by Actinomyces oris: First Reported Case and Literature Review

Bacterial Endocarditis Caused by Actinomyces oris: First Reported Case and Literature Review

A rare case of Actinomyces skin and soft tissue infection in an end‐stage kidney disease patient with a review of the literature

Antimicrobial treatment of Acinetobacter neuii invasive infections: A systematic review

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