Activated Carbon Derived from the Agricultural Waste Camellia Seed Shell for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Abstract

Under the background of the current promotion of global green, environmental protection, and energy conservation, the sustainable conversion of low-cost agricultural waste biomass into high value-added products has become a hot topic. Herein, agricultural waste camellia seed shells obtained after pressing oil are used to prepare porous carbon materials with a high specific surface area (SSA) and excellent electrochemical properties for the application of supercapacitors. The effects of different chemical activators and mass ratios on the pore structure and electrochemical properties of agricultural waste camellia seed shell-derived activated carbon (CSSC) were investigated. It has been found that the CSSC activated by KOH presents excellent physical and electrochemical performances, and the pore structures of all the prepared activated carbons were predominantly a combination of mesopores and micropores. Especially, owing to the high SSA (1219 m 2 g −1 ) and porous structure of the CSSC− KOH-1:3 material, the electrode provides an outstanding specific capacitance of 305 F g −1 at a current density of 0.5 A g −1 . Furthermore, the symmetric supercapacitor assembled with CSSC−KOH-1:3 electrodes can deliver a high energy density (15.37 W h kg −1 ) and power density (12.9 kW kg −1 ), and it can still maintain high cycling stability even after 10,000 charge and discharge processes. Therefore, this work provides a significant exploration for the high-value application of the agricultural waste camellia seed shell and low-cost preparation of the porous carbon for the application of high-performance supercapacitors.

PBA-Derived Ternary FeCoNi Alloy Supported on N-Doped Porous Carbon as a Bifunctional Catalyst for Zn-Air Batteries

“…Typically, CS was generated using a reported method . To synthesize FeCoNi-N-CS, 50 mL of deionized (DI) water dissolved 0.6 mmol of NiSO 4 ·6H 2 O, 0.9 mmol of HOC­(COONa)­(CH 2 COONa) 2 ·2H 2 O and 100 mg of CS named solution A, while solution B was 50 mL of DI dissolved 0.4 mmol of K 3 CO­(CN) 6 .…”

“…Apart from the active site, the selection of an appropriate carbon carrier holds significant importance. Large surface areas and high charge densities for defect-rich carbon supports have the potential to stimulate the formation of active species during synthesis. , Yang et al used agricultural waste camellia seed shells to make a porous biomass carbon material with a high specific surface area, which has great potential as a catalyst skeleton …”

Nanoarchitechtonic Marvels: Pioneering One-Pot Synthesis of Bi2WO6 Nanostructures for Breakthrough in Symmetric Supercapacitor Innovation

“…The modern era’s increasing energy consumption is propelling advancements in finding alternate energy sources and in developing advanced storage devices. − The demands of a growing population, the strains of global economic expansion, and the depletion of fossil fuels underscore the urgent need for innovative techniques in energy storage systems. , Supercapacitors are becoming increasingly popular in the energy storage industry because of their improved characteristics, including better cyclability, resilience, and high-power output. These traits distinguish them from regular capacitors and batteries. , Although conventional batteries and capacitors are still viable solutions, supercapacitors are distinguished by their enhanced power and energy densities, effectively addressing difficulties with both. , Electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors (PCs) are the two primary subcategories of supercapacitors, classified on the mechanism of energy storage. ,,− Supercapacitors’ efficacy is significantly influenced by the characteristics of the materials utilized for the active electrode. − EDLC electrodes are traditionally carbonaceous materials such as graphene-like carbon made from biomass, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and carbon nanofibers (CNFs). , Conversely, PCs employ pseudocapacitive materials such as conducting polymers, metal hydroxides, and oxides, which support redox reactions through charging and discharging process. − Hybrid capacitors combine the physical adsorption of ions at the interface of the electrode and electrolyte with chemical redox processes by integrating EDLC and PC materials as two individual electrodes or merging them to form a single hybrid electrode. − …”