Activated Carbon from Lignin-based Black Liquor Coagulated by Polyaluminium Chloride

Amriani, Feni; Barlianti, Vera; Muryanto,; Sari, Ajeng Arum

doi:10.1016/j.proche.2015.12.041

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The wet sludge from the centrifugation process was dried at 50 °C for 24 h and then weighed, while the liquor was measured by spectrophotometer at maximum wave length 575 nm to determine the decolourization. These methods were derived from prior experiments that effectively delivered more sludge and decolourization . The decolourization percentage was determined by the following modified formula:

% d e c o l o u r i z a t i o n = 100 \times true(C_{0} - C_{t} true) / {normalC}_{0}

where C 0 is the concentration value of BL before coagulation and C t is the concentration value of liquor after coagulation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lignin‐based BL coagulated by PACl has been revealed as an effective way to decolourize and reduce COD as the preliminary BL treatment using a coagulation method . Unfortunately, the remaining liquor after the coagulation process, as is described in previous research, has a decreased pH, leading to an acidic condition that should be remedied before it is discharged into water. The process requires developing a method to rejuvenate liquor characteristics to meet the wastewater standard rules .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…When sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is used as a chemical in alkaline pretreatment, the result is a BL containing lignin with a dark colour, and dissolved toxic matter that may not be discharged without treatment . Its toxicity and colouration are derived from an aromatic compound that harms aquatic life and disrupts the environmental ecosystem …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of them is coagulation‐flocculation, which can be used to purify BL and decrease chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS), and dissolved matter in BL by ionic or hydrogen bonding mechanism . The coagulants and flocculants that are usually used in BL treatment include aluminum sulphate, polyaluminum chloride (PACl), poly acrylamide, ferrous chloride, ferrous sulphate, and chitosan . Unfortunately, these coagulants and flocculants leave undesirable characteristics in the treated wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to achieve zero‐waste technology and find a novel way of enhancing BL treatment, the sludge from the coagulation‐flocculation was converted to carbonaceous adsorbent. This was based on a previous study that discussed the utilization of BL sludge for carbonaceous adsorbent and its potential to develop into a valuable product . The adsorption capability of the carbonaceous adsorbent will be evaluated in methylene blue adsorption and will be discussed further in this report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The enhancement of black liquor treatment by applying a natural flocculant and converting its sludge to a high‐benefit product

Amriani

Bani²,

Muryanto

et al. 2018

Can J Chem Eng

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Black liquor (BL) as lignocellulosic-based industrial wastewater is largely attained from a chemical pretreatment process. When treated with the commonly used coagulant polyaluminum chloride (PACl), BL was decolourized but its pH decreased drastically from 13 to 4-5. Chitosan as a natural flocculant was added to the BL treatment process to support the PACl. The combination of coagulant-flocculant (PACl-Chitosan) effectively generated sludge, rejuvenated the treated BL pH level to neutral, and decolourized and reduced several parameters required for the treated BL disposal. To establish a sustainable recycling process and enhance the BL treatment, the generated sludge as a potential source was recovered and converted to a carbonaceous adsorbent (CA) by applying a two-stage carbonization process, heat and steam carbonization, during which the temperature and time in the first stage of the heat-carbonization process differ. The first BL sludge-based CA (BLS-CA 1) is produced by employing the first stage heating at 575 8C for 180 min while the second black liquor sludge-based CA (BLS-CA 2) is produced by employing the first stage heating at 450 8C for 60 min. Both CAs were able to adsorb about 99 % methylene blue (MB) at MB concentration 100 mg/L for 16 h though they have smaller surface areas than commercially activated carbon, which is only able to adsorb about 70 % MB at the same concentration and adsorption time. This study demonstrates a potential way to reduce the emerging problem from the generated sludge through a sustainable recycling process as well as BL treatment.

show abstract