Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and
                        Infotainment Chest Camps

Khan, Muhammad Amir; Anil, Shirin; Ahmed, Manzoor; Ali, Athar; Ghafoor, Abdul; Brouwer, Miranda

doi:10.1016/j.aogh.2016.07.001

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…TB ACF in prisons may involve approaches such as mass screening, entry screening, routine screening, and exit screening. ACF of TB cases contributes to increasing TB case notification and treatment success rates and reducing mortality [22][23][24][25][26]. Hence, there is the need to sustain active search for TB cases in prisons, particularly in SSA where the burden of TB is still much higher compared to other regions in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis active case-finding interventions and approaches for prisoners in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review

et al. 2020

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Background: In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), most prisons are overcrowded with poor ventilation and put prisoners disproportionally at risk of exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and developing TB infection but are mostly missed due to poor access to healthcare. Active case-finding (ACF) of TB in prisons facilitates early diagnosis and treatment of inmates and prevent the spread. We explored literature and described evidence on TB ACF interventions and approaches for prisoners in SSA prisons. Methods: Guided by the Arksey and O'Malley framework, we searched PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS, Academic search complete, CINAHL and MEDLINE with full text via EBSCOhost for articles on prisoners and ACF from 2000 to May 2019 with no language restriction. Two investigators independently screened the articles at the abstract and fulltext stages in parallel guided by the eligibility criteria as well as performed the methodological quality appraisal of the included studies using the latest mixed-method appraisal tool. We extracted all relevant data, organized them into themes and sub-themes, and presented a narrative summary of the results. Results: Of the 391 eligible articles found, 31 met the inclusion criteria. All 31 articles were published between 2006 and 2019 with the highest six (19.4%) in 2015. We found evidence in 11 countries. That is

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis active case-finding interventions and approaches for prisoners in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review

et al. 2020

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“…Community participation was increased by use of media for dissemination of messages [27,28], incentives and house to house visits [10]. The quality of screening was improved by training of volunteers, incentives for volunteers, symptom-checking with individual household members instead of head of the household improved the quality of screening [14].…”

Section: Good Practices In the Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Framework for planning and monitoring active TB case finding interventions to meet the global targets in the COVID-19 era and beyond: South-East Asia perspective

Singh¹,

Creswell²,

Bhatia

2021

PLOS Glob Public Health

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There was an estimated 20–40% decline in tuberculosis (TB) case detection in the South-East Asia Region (SEA Region) during 2020 due to COVID-19 outbreak. This is over and above a million people with TB who were missed each year, prior to the pandemic. Active case finding (ACF) for TB has been gaining considerable interest and investment in the SEA Region and will be even more essential for finding people with TB missed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Many countries in the Region have incorporated ACF activities into national strategic plans and are conducting large scale activities with varying results. ACF can reach people with TB earlier than routine approaches, can lead to increases in the numbers of people diagnosed, and is often needed for certain key populations who face stigma, social, and economic barriers. However, ACF is not a one size fits all approach, and has higher costs than routine care. So, planning interventions in consultation with relevant stakeholders including the affected communities is critical. Furthermore, continuous monitoring during the intervention and after completion is crucial as national TB programmes review progress and decide on the effective utilization of limited resources. Planning and monitoring become more relevant in the COVID-19 era because of constraints posed by resource diversion towards pandemic control. Here, we summarize different aspects of planning and monitoring of ACF approaches to inform national TB programmes and partners based on experiences in the SEA Region, as programmes look to reach those who are missed and catch-up on progress towards ending TB.

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“…On single outcomes by cascade, 11 (12.2%) studies reported TB testing outcomes[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], 22 (23.9%) reported TB diagnosis[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57], 15 (16.3%) reported on linkage to care[58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74], 21 (22.8%) studies reported treatment completion[11,12,[75][76]...…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving cascade outcomes for active TB: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of TB interventions

Marley

Zou

Nie³

et al. 2023

PLoS Med

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Background To inform policy and implementation that can enhance prevention and improve tuberculosis (TB) care cascade outcomes, this review aimed to summarize the impact of various interventions on care cascade outcomes for active TB. Methods and findings In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we retrieved English articles with comparator arms (like randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and before and after intervention studies) that evaluated TB interventions published from January 1970 to September 30, 2022, from Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, and the Cochrane library. Commentaries, qualitative studies, conference abstracts, studies without standard of care comparator arms, and studies that did not report quantitative results for TB care cascade outcomes were excluded. Data from studies with similar comparator arms were pooled in a random effects model, and outcomes were reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and number of studies (k). The quality of evidence was appraised using GRADE, and the study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018103331). Of 21,548 deduplicated studies, 144 eligible studies were included. Of 144 studies, 128 were from low/middle-income countries, 84 were RCTs, and 25 integrated TB and HIV care. Counselling and education was significantly associated with testing (OR = 8.82, 95% CI:1.71 to 45.43; I2 = 99.9%, k = 7), diagnosis (OR = 1.44, 95% CI:1.08 to 1.92; I2 = 97.6%, k = 9), linkage to care (OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 1.97 to 4.86; I2 = 0%, k = 1), cure (OR = 2.08, 95% CI:1.11 to 3.88; I2 = 76.7%, k = 4), treatment completion (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.03; I2 = 73.1%, k = 8), and treatment success (OR = 3.24, 95% CI: 1.88 to 5.55; I2 = 75.9%, k = 5) outcomes compared to standard-of-care. Incentives, multisector collaborations, and community-based interventions were associated with at least three TB care cascade outcomes; digital interventions and mixed interventions were associated with an increased likelihood of two cascade outcomes each. These findings remained salient when studies were limited to RCTs only. Also, our study does not cover the entire care cascade as we did not measure gaps in pre-testing, pretreatment, and post-treatment outcomes (like loss to follow-up and TB recurrence). Conclusions Among TB interventions, education and counseling, incentives, community-based interventions, and mixed interventions were associated with multiple active TB care cascade outcomes. However, cost-effectiveness and local-setting contexts should be considered when choosing such strategies due to their high heterogeneity.

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Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps

Abstract: Both types of chest camps are equally effective in active case finding of previously undiagnosed TB cases in rural areas in 2 provinces in Pakistan.

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Tuberculosis active case-finding interventions and approaches for prisoners in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review

Tuberculosis active case-finding interventions and approaches for prisoners in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review

Framework for planning and monitoring active TB case finding interventions to meet the global targets in the COVID-19 era and beyond: South-East Asia perspective

Improving cascade outcomes for active TB: A global systematic review and meta-analysis of TB interventions

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