Active Immune Phenotype in Head and Neck Cancer: Reevaluating the Iso-Effect Fractionation Based on the Linear Quadratic (LQ) Model—A Narrative Review

Mireștean, Camil Ciprian; Iancu, Roxana Irina; Iancu, Dragoș Petru Teodor

doi:10.3390/curroncol30050362

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 68 publications

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“…Previously, this formula used to be known as the extrapolated response dose, which was changed by Fowler later on in 1989 [ 324 ]. It is widely applied to calculate fractions (doses) of external radiation therapy in the treatment of cancer [ 325 , 326 , 327 ]. The equation for radiational dose calculation is as follows:

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Section: MM Techniques In Specific Types Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Machine Learning (ML) and Mathematical Modeling (MM) in Healthcare with Special Focus on Cancer Prognosis and Anticancer Therapy: Current Status and Challenges

Hassan,

Saeed,

Deka

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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The use of data-driven high-throughput analytical techniques, which has given rise to computational oncology, is undisputed. The widespread use of machine learning (ML) and mathematical modeling (MM)-based techniques is widely acknowledged. These two approaches have fueled the advancement in cancer research and eventually led to the uptake of telemedicine in cancer care. For diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment purposes concerning different types of cancer research, vast databases of varied information with manifold dimensions are required, and indeed, all this information can only be managed by an automated system developed utilizing ML and MM. In addition, MM is being used to probe the relationship between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD interactions) of anti-cancer substances to improve cancer treatment, and also to refine the quality of existing treatment models by being incorporated at all steps of research and development related to cancer and in routine patient care. This review will serve as a consolidation of the advancement and benefits of ML and MM techniques with a special focus on the area of cancer prognosis and anticancer therapy, leading to the identification of challenges (data quantity, ethical consideration, and data privacy) which are yet to be fully addressed in current studies.

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…”

Section: MM Techniques In Specific Types Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Machine Learning (ML) and Mathematical Modeling (MM) in Healthcare with Special Focus on Cancer Prognosis and Anticancer Therapy: Current Status and Challenges

Hassan,

Saeed,

Deka

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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Emerging Radiotherapy Technologies for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Challenges and Opportunities in the Era of Immunotherapy

Kut,

Quon,

Chen

2024

Cancers

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Radiotherapy (RT) is an integral component in the multidisciplinary management of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Significant advances have been made toward optimizing tumor control and toxicity profiles of RT for HNSCC in the past two decades. The development of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and concurrent chemotherapy established the standard of care for most patients with locally advanced HNSCC around the turn of the century. More recently, selective dose escalation to the most radioresistant part of tumor and avoidance of the most critical substructures of organs at risk, often guided by functional imaging, allowed even further improvement in the therapeutic ratio of IMRT. Other highly conformal RT modalities, including intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) are being increasingly utilized, although there are gaps in our understanding of the normal tissue complication probabilities and their relative biological effectiveness. There is renewed interest in spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT), such as GRID and LATTICE radiotherapy, in both palliative and definitive settings. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the treatment of patients with recurrent and metastatic HNSCC. Novel RT modalities, including IMPT, SBRT, and SFRT, have the potential to reduce lymphopenia and immune suppression, stimulate anti-tumor immunity, and synergize with ICIs. The next frontier in the treatment of HNSCC may lie in the exploration of combined modality treatment with new RT technologies and ICIs.

show abstract

Active Immune Phenotype in Head and Neck Cancer: Reevaluating the Iso-Effect Fractionation Based on the Linear Quadratic (LQ) Model—A Narrative Review

Cited by 2 publications

References 68 publications

Applications of Machine Learning (ML) and Mathematical Modeling (MM) in Healthcare with Special Focus on Cancer Prognosis and Anticancer Therapy: Current Status and Challenges

Applications of Machine Learning (ML) and Mathematical Modeling (MM) in Healthcare with Special Focus on Cancer Prognosis and Anticancer Therapy: Current Status and Challenges

Emerging Radiotherapy Technologies for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Challenges and Opportunities in the Era of Immunotherapy

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