Activity concentrations in bottled drinking water in Saudi Arabia and consequent dose estimates

Al-Ghamdi, Amal Hussain

doi:10.18844/gjapas.v0i9.3014

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For this reason, the metals and natural radioactivity concentration in water have been studied by many investigators in several countries (Ali et al, 2016;Radulescu et al, 2017;Ghaderpoori et al, 2018;Parhoudeh et al, 2019). In Saudi Arabia, there are limited studies on drinking water (Al-Ghamdi, 2014;Al-Zahrani, 2016;Althoyaib & El-Taher, 2016;Alseroury et al, 2018). According to our literature survey conducted by the researcher, there are no data found on the quality of schools' drinking water supplies in the city of Jeddah.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Environmental Impact Assessment of Natural Radioactivity, Heavy and Major Metals in Primary Schools’ Drinking Water

Al-Ghamdi¹

2019

GEP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Measurement of natural radioactivity levels of major and heavy metals concentration was carried out for water samples collected from primary schools in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. The estimations were done for two different age groups, children (students 7-12 y) and adults (teachers and workers > 17 y) at the schools. The chemical analysis was performed by an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and a high-resolution HPGe detector was used for the natural radionuclides measurement. The obtained results for the heavy metals (Fe, Cu, and Zn) and major and heavy elements (Na, K, Ca and Mg) concentrations in all water samples did not exceed the limits of WHO, EPA and TSE-266 guidelines for drinking water. Only Pb exceeded the safe limit. Generally, heavy metals and major elements' concentrations in water samples were found decrease in sequence of Ca > Na > Mg > K > Zn > Pb > Cu > Fe. The radioactivity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in all studied samples were below the permissible safe limit value. The total average annual effective doses of (226 Ra + 232 Th + 40 K) radionuclides were 0.259 mSv•y −1 for the children and 0.112 mSv•y −1 for adults, which are below the recommended annual dose level 1.0 mSv•y −1 as reported by WHO (2006). The present drinking waters are high quality waters and safe in terms of natural radioactivity and the results of the HQ values for the individual heavy metals showed that there was no health risk for humans due to consumption of these waters.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Environmental Impact Assessment of Natural Radioactivity, Heavy and Major Metals in Primary Schools’ Drinking Water

Al-Ghamdi¹

2019

GEP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Radionuclides affect human health since they are deposited in the human body through water drinking. They radionuclides dissolved in water are emitting radon and gradually affect living tissues because water penetrates the whole body [1,5,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Natural Radioactivity of Bottled Drinking Water Produced in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

GOSHU,

ABASA,

WOLDEAMANUEL

2023

Romanian J. Biophys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Spatial distributions of natural radionuclide concentrations of bottled mineral water: doses estimation and health risk assessment

Salehipour

Eslami

Mohammad³

et al. 2020

Environ Health Eng Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Evaluation of the various types of water reveal that groundwater comprises 99% of the earth’s available fresh water. Many factors affect the type and degree of mineralization, as well as the natural radionuclides content in these types of water. The consumption of bottled natural mineral water, which comes from groundwater, among Iranians is gradually increasing. Therefore, the detection of high concentrations of radionuclides, associated with consumption of groundwater, is proposed as a public health problem in several areas. Methods: In this study, the activity concentration of natural radionuclides such as 226Ra, 228Ra, 210Pb, and 40K, annual effective dose for three age groups (<1 year, 7-12 years, and >17 years), and excess lifetime cancer risk due to the ingestion of natural radionuclides present in 70 different commercial bottled mineral waters from most provinces of Iran, were evaluated. Activity concentrations were measured using gamma spectrometry and a high purity germanium detector (HPGe). Results: The results showed that the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides were higher than those reported in the same studies in other countries. Also, the annul effective dose for the three age groups was much higher than the recommended value (0.1 mSvyr-1), as reported by the WHO. The excess lifetime cancer risk for three radionuclides, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K, were less than the acceptable value of 10-3 for radiological risk, while the risk for 210Pb was higher than the recommended value. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the frequent use of bottled waters produced in different provinces of Iran possess health hazards to consumers.

show abstract

Activity concentrations in bottled drinking water in Saudi Arabia and consequent dose estimates

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Environmental Impact Assessment of Natural Radioactivity, Heavy and Major Metals in Primary Schools’ Drinking Water

Environmental Impact Assessment of Natural Radioactivity, Heavy and Major Metals in Primary Schools’ Drinking Water

Assessment of the Natural Radioactivity of Bottled Drinking Water Produced in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

Spatial distributions of natural radionuclide concentrations of bottled mineral water: doses estimation and health risk assessment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About