Activity of ethanolic extracts leaves of Machaerium floribundum against acne-inducing bacteria, and their cytoprotective and antioxidant effects on fibroblast

Abstract

Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus have been recognized as the bacteria that are involved in the inflammatory process of acne, while oxidants and antioxidants are involved in the repair of cutaneous tissue affected. In this study an evaluation was made of the antibacterial effect by the agar diffusion and broth dilution method, the cytoprotective and antioxidant effect on 3T3 dermic fibroblast cells, treated with hydrogen peroxide and the scavenging capacity of free radicals was determined by the 2, 2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method as well as the Reducing Power of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of the Machaerium floribundum. Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were obtained against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus of 5 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL, respectively. A cytoprotective effect of 111% was observed over the cellular viability of the fibroblasts at 10 µg/mL and an antioxidant effect of 92% over the viability of the fibroblasts treated with hydrogen peroxide at 25 µg/mL. A stimulation of 24% growth of fibroblasts at 50 µg/mL was evidenced. On the other hand a 93% scavenging activity of the DPPH free radical was shown for 100 µg/mL with a CI 50 of 34 µg/mL. The reducing power was evidenced to be dependent on the concentration. The results obtained indicated that the ethanolic extract of Machaerium floribundum shows a good antibacterial activity against bacteria that induce acne and a high potential for scavenging of free radicals at relatively low concentrations.Keywords: Machaerium floribundum; Acné; Antibacterial; Antioxidant; Fibroblasts. ResumenPropionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis y Staphylococcus aureus han sido reconocidas como las bacterias involucradas en el proceso inflamatorio del acné, mientras que oxidantes y antioxidantes han sido implicados en la reparación del tejido cutáneo afectado. El presente estudio evaluó el efecto antibacteriano por el método de difusión en agar y dilución en caldo; el efecto citoprotector y antioxidante sobre células de fibroblastos dérmicos 3T3, tratadas con peróxido de hidrogeno; se determinó la capacidad secuestrante de radicales libres por el método del 2,2-difenil-2-picrihidracil (DPPH) y el poder reductor de los extractos etanólicos de las hojas de Machaerium floribundum. El extracto mostro una CMB de 5mg/mL y 2mg/mL para P. acnes y S. aureus, respectivamente. Se observó un efecto citoprotector sobre la viabilidad celular de los fibroblastos de 111% a 10 μg/mL y antioxidante mostrado sobre la viabilidad de los fibroblastos tratados con peróxido de hidrogeno de 92% a 25 μg/mL. Se evidencio estimulación del crecimiento de fibroblastos de 24% a 50 μg/mL. Por otra parte se mostró actividad secuestrante del radical libre DPPH de 93% a 100 μg/mL, con una CI 50 34 μg/ mL. El poder reductor evidencio ser dependiente de la concentración. Los resultados indicaron que el extracto etanólico de Machaerium floribundum presenta una buena actividad antibacteriana contra las bacterias qu...