Acute and sub-acute toxicity assessment of ‘Rybozuril’ on common carp

Abstract

The goal of the work was to study of acute and sub-acute toxicity parameters of ‘Rybozuril’ biological product (AI — diclazuril) on the model of carp. This drug is effective in the treatment of diseases caused by parasitic Eimeriidae. Carp scales of two years old were used in experiments. To determine acute toxicity, the fish were prescribed with diclazuril in doses of 1 g/kg, 5, 10, and 15 g/kg of live weight. Two experimental and control fish groups of 30 individuals each were formed to determine sub-acute toxicity of ‘Rybozuril’. Experimental groups of fish were prescribed with ‘Rybozuril’ in a dose (by AI) of 50 and 10 mg/kg for two consecutive days. Blood samples were collected from six fish from each group for clinical and biochemical indicators after 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The hemoglobin content, number of red blood cells and leukocytes blood was determined. The intensity of peroxide oxidation of lipids (PОL), catalase activity, level of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total proteins, albumin, globulins and glucose, circulating immune complexes (CІC) and seromucoids concentration, level of enzymatic activity: aspartate transaminase (АSТ), alanine transaminase (АLТ), α-amylase blood plasma were determined. The acute toxicity of diclazuril for carp was estimated, LD50 is more than 15,000 mg/kg of live weight, the toxicity of diclazuril can be classified as undifferentiated and, in terms of toxicity, it can be classified as hazard class IV. Two administrations of the drug ‘Rybozuril’ in a daily dose of 50.0 mg/kg of live weight, the maximum expression of metabolic changes in fish was detected from the initial terms of the studies and up to day 21. According to the results the toxic effect of the drug in fish was estimated, which did not influence to a number of indicators. The drug in such dose was shown immunosuppression and membrane-toxic effects in fish. Two-time administration of the ‘Rybozuril’ drug in a daily dose of 10.0 mg/kg body weight leads to metabolic alterations in fish due to the activation of detoxification processes and lipoperoxidation maintenance in cell membranes at the physiological level. At the end of the experiment the toxic effect of ‘Rybozuril’ in fish characterized by stable parameters in comparing to the control group.