Acute aortic dissection caused by Clostridium septicum aortitis

Presence of periaortic gas in Clostridium septicum-infected aortic aneurysm aids in early diagnosis: a case report and systematic review of the literature

“… Our case #### 58 M Aneurysm Thoracoabdominal Unknown Bilateral nephrectomy Died 10 days postoperatively Tokmaji [ 50 ] 2013 71 M Aneurysm Abdominal Ulcerative colitis (cancer not investigated) Right axillofemoral and femoral-femoral bypass Alive at 2 months, at which time an aneurysm reoccurred Details and duration are unknown, but intravenous antibiotics were used. at the aortic arch; therefore, surgery was performed Eplinius [ 51 ] 2014 32 M Aortitis/dissection Ascending to descending thoracic None None Died Al Hadi [ 52 ] 2014 63 M Aneurysm Arch Ascending colon adenocarcinoma Right hemicolectomy Died 3 days after right hemicolectomy Hashimoto [ 53 ] 2014 81 M Aneurysm Arch/descending Cecal adenocarcinoma None Died 6 days after admission Lintin [ 54 ] 2014 78 F Aneurysm Arch Ascending colon adenocarcinoma Endovascular aortic repair and extra-anatomical bypass of the supra-aortic Alive at 44 months Details and duration are unknown, but antibiotics were used. vessels with a right-to-left common carotid crossover bypass and a left common carotid to left subclavian bypass …”

“…Aneurysms formed in the ascending aorta/arch in six cases [ 17 , 18 , 25 , 27 , 51 , 56 ], only the arch in four cases [ 41 , 42 , 52 , 54 ], the arch/descending aorta in two cases [ 19 , 53 ], the descending thoracic aorta in four cases [ 7 , 23 , 26 , 46 ], and the abdominal aorta in five cases [ 37 , 38 , 48 – 50 ]. The aneurysms also involved the thoracoabdominal aorta in six cases [24, 30, 33, 43, our case, 55], the infrarenal aorta in 13 cases [ 6 , 16 , 20 , 28 , 29 , 31 , 32 , 34 – 37 , 44 , 47 ], the juxtarenal aorta in four cases [ 6 , 21 , 39 , 40 ], both the descending thoracic aorta and the juxtarenal aorta in one case [ 22 ], and an unknown location in one case [ 45 ].…”

Infected thoracic aortic aneurysm caused by Clostridium ramosum: A case report

“…Treponema pallidum is a well-known pathogen of infected aortic aneurysm, but the incidence is rare in recent years owing to early diagnosis and treatment. Today, S. aureus and Salmonella species are more common [2]. To date, there has been no reported case of infected aortic aneurysm due to C. ramosum.…”

“…C. ramosum has been associated with brain abscess, lung abscess, intra-abdominal infection, emphysematous pyelonephritis, gas gangrene, osteomyelitis, spondylodiscitis, septicemia, and arthritis [5], but not infectious aortitis. In addition, there have been some reports of dissection and rupture of the aorta infected by Clostridium septicum [2]. Anaerobic bacteria rarely infect the aorta, but atherosclerotic lesions persist longer and are thus more susceptible to infection under anaerobic environments [6].…”

“…Therefore, it is essential to provide early surgical and antibiotic intervention [1]. Infected aortic aneurysms are often caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella species [2], and there has been no report of aortic aneurysm infected by Clostridium ramosum. Regarded as a non-pathogenic intestinal bacterium, C. ramosum is seldom identified as a causative bacterium.…”