Acute intentional self-poisoning with a herbicide product containing fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, and isoxadifen ethyl: a prospective observational study

Zawahir, Shukry; Roberts, Darren M.; Palangasinghe, Chathura; Mohamed, Fahim; Eddleston, Michael; Dawson, Andrew; Buckley, Nicholas A.; Ren, Lingling; Medley, Gregory; Gawarammana, Indika

doi:10.1080/15563650903174810

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Potentially, seizures and death may have occurred in these patients due to ingestion of another herbicide not reported to study doctors. However, on the basis of previous studies by our group in Sri Lanka, it is rare for deaths to occur in patients with a history of ingestion of a particular herbicide that was not subsequently identified14-17. This supports the importance of confirming the presence of a herbicide in studies of outcomes from self-poisoning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Compared to other herbicides available in Sri Lanka that we have prospectively collected data on (figure 4) the mortality from bispyribac-containing herbicides is less (this is a conservative case fatality estimate given that bispyribac was not identified in one of the deaths) 17. Therefore, there may be public health benefits if herbicide regulators encourage the marketing and use of this herbicide in place of more toxic herbicide products, in particular the selective herbicide propanil 3…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Acute human self-poisoning with bispyribac-containing herbicide Nominee®: a prospective observational study

Gawarammana

Roberts

Mohamed

et al. 2010

Clinical Toxicology

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INTRODUCTION-Self poisoning with herbicides is an important reason for hospital admission and death in Asia. Whilst some herbicides have a well described toxicity profile in humans, many of the newer compounds rely on extrapolation from animal results as no published literature on clinical outcomes of human self poisoning has been described. One example of these compounds is bispyribac, a selective herbicide used in rice and wheat cultivation that is marketed in two containers, one containing bispyribac 400g/L with a solvent and the other the surfactant, polyethylene glycol. We present the first case series of acute human self-poisoning with a herbicide product containing bispyribac.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Acute human self-poisoning with bispyribac-containing herbicide Nominee®: a prospective observational study

Gawarammana

Roberts

Mohamed

et al. 2010

Clinical Toxicology

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“…Although safeners possess structures similar to those of some herbicides, their environmental fate − and effects − have received minimal attention in the peer-reviewed literature relative to the extensive literature covering active ingredients. We posit that the classification of safeners as “inert” has contributed to the paucity of environmental research on this largely overlooked class of agrochemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Fate and Effects of Dichloroacetamide Herbicide Safeners: “Inert” yet Biologically Active Agrochemical Ingredients

Sivey

Lehmler

Salice

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Safeners are included in many commercial herbicide formulations to selectively protect crops from injury induced by active ingredients. Despite their bioactivity, safeners are classified as inert from a regulatory perspective, and as such, safeners have received minimal attention in the peer-reviewed literature regarding their environmental fate and effects. Herein, we review what is known about the uses, physicochemical properties, environmental transformations, and (eco)toxicological effects of dichloroacetamide safeners, which represent one of the most commonly used safener classes (estimated use of >2 × 10 6 kg/year in the United States). We particularly highlight transformation pathways that may enhance biological activity and/or persistence; for example, limited studies suggest dichloroacetamides can transform via dechlorination into products with increased bioactivity. We also identify several research needs to improve our understanding of the environmental fate and potential risks of this overlooked agrochemical class, which in turn will enhance the efficacy and safety of future herbicide safener formulations.

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“… *Inactive in the range of tested concentrations; **AR azole resistance 1 Yamaguchi et al ( 1988 ); 2 Yamaki et al ( 1990 ); 3 Garcia et al ( 2018 ); 4 Lee et al ( 2013 ); 5 Wu et al ( 2019 ); 6 Zawahir et al ( 2009 ); 7 Rodrigues-Vendramini et al ( 2019 ); 8 Hu et al ( 2018 ); 9 Su et al ( 2020 ); 10 Kamai et al ( 2005 ); 11 Ebara et al ( 2005 ); 12 Houšť et al ( 2020 ); 13 Ördögh et al ( 2014 ) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular targets for antifungals in amino acid and protein biosynthetic pathways

Kuplińska

Rząd

2021

Amino Acids

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Fungi cause death of over 1.5 million people every year, while cutaneous mycoses are among the most common infections in the world. Mycoses vary greatly in severity, there are long-term skin (ringworm), nail or hair infections (tinea capitis), recurrent like vaginal candidiasis or severe, life-threatening systemic, multiorgan infections. In the last few years, increasing importance is attached to the health and economic problems caused by fungal pathogens. There is a growing need for improvement of the availability of antifungal drugs, decreasing their prices and reducing side effects. Searching for novel approaches in this respect, amino acid and protein biosynthesis pathways appear to be competitive. The route that leads from amino acid biosynthesis to protein folding and its activation is rich in enzymes that are descriptive of fungi. Blocking the action of those enzymes often leads to avirulence or growth inhibition. In this review, we want to trace the principal processes of fungi vitality. We present the data of genes encoding enzymes involved in amino acid and protein biosynthesis, potential molecular targets in antifungal chemotherapy, and describe the impact of inhibitors on fungal organisms.

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Acute intentional self-poisoning with a herbicide product containing fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, and isoxadifen ethyl: a prospective observational study

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Acute human self-poisoning with bispyribac-containing herbicide Nominee®: a prospective observational study

Acute human self-poisoning with bispyribac-containing herbicide Nominee®: a prospective observational study

Environmental Fate and Effects of Dichloroacetamide Herbicide Safeners: “Inert” yet Biologically Active Agrochemical Ingredients

Molecular targets for antifungals in amino acid and protein biosynthetic pathways

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