Acute isoniazid poisoning

Gurnani, Anil; Chawla, Rajiv; Kundra, Pankaj; Bhattacharya, Abhijit

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.1992.tb03256.x

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In both the patients, peripheral neuropathy was a noticeable complication. [54] Metronidazole Metronidazole is used for the treatment of anaerobic bacterial and several protozoal infections. A patient with amoebic liver abscess following two weeks' treatment with metronidazole 400 mg thrice daily developed axonal neuropathy which started improving after 7-10 days of discontinuation and improved completely after one month.…”

Section: Cisplatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic neuropathies

Misra

Kalita

2009

Neurol India

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Toxic neuropathies generally result in length dependent axonal neuropathy with the exception of diphtheria and a few toxic neuropathies. In spite of occurrence of diphtheria in India there is paucity of published reports on diphtheritic neuropathy. Arsenic neuropathy commonly occurs in Bengal and Bangladesh because of ground water contamination whereas in Punjab it is due to contamination of opium. Lead neuropathy is rare and has been reported in battery workers and silver refining workers. It produces motor neuropathy resulting in foot drop and wrist drop. Organophosphates are used as pesticides, industrial chemicals and food adulterant. Certain organophosphates such as triorthocresyl phosphate used for or oil adulteration inhibit neurotoxic esterase and result in a delayed type of axonal neuropathy. Alcohol related neuropathy is a controversial issue whether it is due to alcohol related toxicity or due to nutritional deficiencies. Indian studies have revealed that neuropathy occurs both in alcoholic and nonalcoholic cirrhosis. Hexane neuropathy is reported in screen printers and these cases highlight the need for better preventive and occupational measures. Iatrogenic toxic neuropathies have been reported with cisplatin and vincristine. Because of geographical, occupational and health related conditions toxic neuropathies are likely to be more common than reported and greater awareness is needed.

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Section: Cisplatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic neuropathies

Misra

Kalita

2009

Neurol India

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“…Over dosage of isoniazid has produced nausea, vomiting dizziness, slurred speech, blurred vision and visual hallucinations. Symptoms of over dosages usually occur within 30 min to 3 h following ingestion of the drug 17,18 .…”

Section: Isoniazid Drug (Inh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2018

IJPSR

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The study carried out to find the effect of Aloe vera extract on the toxicity induced by INH -RIF in male Wistar albino rats. We have perform the experiments on rats for 30 days and found the effect on histological alternations of liver by two different method. Firstly, by Compound microscopy and the same tissues were further process through SEM microscopy. We have found the effect of Aloe vera extract and isoniazid and rifampicin on histological architecture of liver. We found that there is partial restoration of hepatic function as evident from normalization of serum markers of liver function, and we were able to show hepatoprotection against INH+RIF induced hepatotoxicity, as evidenced by the partial reversal of increased serum transaminases showed trend towards returning to normal (but partially) by supplementation of Aloe vera indicating partial hepatoprotective effect. Co-administration of Aloe vera extract along with anti-tuberculosis drugs showed hepatoprotection in some extent against INH-RIF drugs.

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“…It is known that acute isoniazid poisoning in dogs leads to lethal consequences, primarily due to the destruction of the liver structure (Gurnani et al, 1992;Kotsyumbas & Vretsona, 2018). This is due to the reactions of acetylation and hydrolysis of isoniazid to monoacetylhydrazines, which subsequently cause necrosis in the liver, heart and other organs (Villar et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphofunctional changes in the heart and lung tissues of dogs for isoniazid poisoning

Kotsiumbas

Vretsona

2019

Ukr. Jour. of Vet. and Agr. Sci.

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The article presents the results of macroscopic, histological and histochemical studies of the heart and lungs of dogs for isoniazid poisoning. A pathoanatomical section of 19 carcasses of dogs of different ages and breeds was performed; heart and lung fragments were selected for morphological examination. Heart and lung samples were fixed in 10 % aqueous formalin neutral solution, Carnua and Buen fluids. Dehydration was carried out in ethanol of increasing concentration and embedded in paraffin. The sections were made on a MC-2 microtome 7 μm thick, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, using the McManus and Brasche technique. Made histopreparations were examined under a Leica DM 2500 light microscope (Switzerland), photo-fixation was performed with a Leica DFC450C using Leica Application Suite Version 4.4 software. The results of morphohistochemical studies have shown that in acute poisoning of dogs with isoniazid in the heart prevailed acute disorders of the vascular circulation, manifested by a sharp expansion and destruction of the walls of the venous vessels, plasmorrhagia, microtromb of the capillaries and spasm of the arterioles, which led to the development of swelling, caused acute decrease of protein synthesation function of muscle fibers and dystrophic-necrobiotic changes of cardiomyocytes. It was noted, in the lungs of dogs on the background of acute congestive hyperemia, diapedesis of erythrocytes and accumulation of transudate in the lumen of the alveoli, foci of emphysema and bronchiectasis with rupture of the epithelial layer of the mucous membrane, elastic skeleton and muscular tubules of bronchial tubules that indicated the violation of gas exchange and the development of anoxemia. It is known that spontaneous isoniazid poisoning in dogs leads to an acute course and often fatal consequences. In the comprehensive study of the effects of chemicals on the body, and in particular isoniazid on the body of dogs, toxicological and pathomorphological studies are of great importance. The use of morphological and histochemical methods will reveal some of the mechanisms of intoxication.

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Acute isoniazid poisoning

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Toxic neuropathies

Toxic neuropathies

Untitled

Morphofunctional changes in the heart and lung tissues of dogs for isoniazid poisoning

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