Acute on Chronic Liver Failure—What is in a ‘Definition’?

Anand, Anil C.; Dhiman, Radha K.

doi:10.1016/j.jceh.2016.08.011

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Since ACLF is a complex and dynamic disease, its diagnostic criteria consists of several components: the cause and timeframe of liver disease development and deterioration following an acute insult, whether patients have pre-existing chronic liver disease, the symptoms of liver failure to determine ACLF severity, and how to assess short- (28-day) and long-term (90-day) prognoses (73). HBV infection is one of the causes of acute liver injury, and BTLA/HVEM signaling contributed to HBV-ACLF pathogenesis (21).…”

Section: Function Of Btla In Chronic Hbv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BTLA/HVEM Signaling: Milestones in Research and Role in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Zheng

Mao

et al. 2019

Front. Immunol.

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B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an immune-regulatory receptor, similar to CTLA-4 and PD-1, and is mainly expressed on B-, T-, and all mature lymphocyte cells. Herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM)-BTLA plays a critical role in immune tolerance and immune responses which are areas of intense research. However, the mechanisms of the BTLA and the BTLA/HVEM signaling pathway in human diseases remain unclear. This review describes the research milestones of BTLA and HVEM in chronological order and their role in chronic HBV infection.

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Section: Function Of Btla In Chronic Hbv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BTLA/HVEM Signaling: Milestones in Research and Role in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Zheng

Mao

et al. 2019

Front. Immunol.

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“…Multiple definitions have been used in literature for ACLF. 11 The first systemic attempt to define ACLF was published by Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) in 2009 based on expert consensus. The ACLF was defined as 'acute hepatic insult manifesting as jaundice (bilirubin >5 mg/dl), and coagulopathy (INR > 1.5) complicated within 4 weeks by ascites and or encephalopathy in a patient with previously diagnosed or undiagnosed chronic liver disease'.…”

Section: Various Definitions Of Aclfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver Transplantation for Acute on Chronic Liver Failure

Choudhary

Saraf

Saigal

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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“…Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is increasingly recognized as an acute deterioration of liver function combining with liver and multi-organ failures in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease, although there is no consensus about its definition (Bernal et al, 2015 ; Anand and Dhiman, 2016 ; Arroyo and Jalan, 2016 ). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) associated ACLF, as a subtype of ACLF, can develop at any stage in the progression of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (Zamora Nava et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of a Potential Plasma Protein Biomarker Panel for Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Induced by Hepatitis B Virus

et al. 2017

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF), characterized by an acute deterioration of liver function in the patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), is lack of predicting biomarkers for prognosis. Plasma is an ideal sample for biomarker discovery due to inexpensive and minimally invasive sampling and good reproducibility. In this study, immuno-depletion of high-abundance plasma proteins followed by iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach was employed to analyze plasma samples from 20 healthy control people, 20 CHB patients and 20 HBV-ACLF patients, respectively. As a result, a total of 427 proteins were identified from these samples, and 42 proteins were differentially expressed in HBV-ACLF patients as compared to both CHB patients and healthy controls. According to bioinformatics analysis results, 6 proteins related to immune response (MMR), inflammatory response (OPN, HPX), blood coagulation (ATIII) and lipid metabolism (APO-CII, GP73) were selected as biomarker candidates. Further ELISA analysis confirmed the significant up-regulation of GP73, MMR, OPN and down-regulation of ATIII, HPX, APO-CII in HBV-ACLF plasma samples (p < 0.01). Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed high diagnostic value of these candidates in assessing HBV-ACLF. In conclusion, present quantitative proteomic study identified 6 novel HBV-ACLF biomarker candidates and might provide fundamental information for development of HBV-ACLF biomarker.

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Acute on Chronic Liver Failure—What is in a ‘Definition’?

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

BTLA/HVEM Signaling: Milestones in Research and Role in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

BTLA/HVEM Signaling: Milestones in Research and Role in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Liver Transplantation for Acute on Chronic Liver Failure

Discovery of a Potential Plasma Protein Biomarker Panel for Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Induced by Hepatitis B Virus

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