Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Wenzel, Lisa; Vrooman, Angela; Hammill, Hunter A.

doi:10.1002/9781119129400.ch23

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Aging of the population has resulted in more elderly patients with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) without bone and disc injury 1 . SCIWORA, a SCI without radiographic abnormality, was first proposed by Pang et al who used it to define clinical symptoms of traumatic myelopathy with radiographic or computed tomographic features of spine fracture or instability and its pathogenesis has been receiving much attention 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SCIWORA, a SCI without radiographic abnormality, was first proposed by Pang et al who used it to define clinical symptoms of traumatic myelopathy with radiographic or computed tomographic features of spine fracture or instability and its pathogenesis has been receiving much attention 2 . Recent studies have suggested that relatively slight external force can cause SCIWORA in elderly patients who have spinal canal stenosis associated with cervical spondylotic changes, thickening of the yellow ligament, and ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) 1 . Chikuda et al reported that in a randomized control trial of 72 patients with SCIWORA there was no difference in motor score after 1 year between patients with decompression within 24 h after SCI and decompression 2 weeks after injury 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early decompression promotes motor recovery after cervical spinal cord injury in rats with chronic cervical spinal cord compression

Okimatsu

Furuya

Miura

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The number of elderly patients with spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormalities (SCIWORA) has been increasing in recent years and common of most cervical spinal cord injuries. Basic research has shown the effectiveness of early decompression after spinal cord injury on the spinal cord without stenosis; no studies have reported the efficacy of decompression in models with spinal cord compressive lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of decompression surgery after acute spinal cord injury in rats with chronic spinal cord compressive lesions, mimicking SCIWORA. A water-absorbent polymer sheet (Aquaprene DX, Sanyo Chemical Industries) was inserted dorsally into the 4–5th cervical sublaminar space in 8-week-old Sprague Dawley rats to create a rat model with a chronic spinal compressive lesion. At the age of 16 weeks, 30 mildly myelopathic or asymptomatic rats with a Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan score (BBB score) of 19 or higher were subjected to spinal cord compression injuries. The rats were divided into three groups: an immediate decompression group (decompress immediately after injury), a sub-acute decompression group (decompress 1 week after injury), and a non-decompression group. Behavioral and histological evaluations were performed 4 weeks after the injury. At 20 weeks of age, the BBB score and FLS (Forelimb Locomotor Scale) of both the immediate and the sub-acute decompression groups were significantly higher than those of the non-decompression group. There was no significant difference between the immediate decompression group and the sub-acute decompression group. TUNEL (transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) staining showed significantly fewer positive cells in both decompression groups compared to the non-decompression group. LFB (Luxol fast blue) staining showed significantly more demyelination, and GAP-43 (growth associated protein-43) staining tended to show fewer positive cells in the non-decompression group. Decompression surgery in the acute or sub-acute phase of injury is effective after mild spinal cord injury in rats with chronic compressive lesions. There was no significant difference between the immediate decompression and sub-acute decompression groups.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early decompression promotes motor recovery after cervical spinal cord injury in rats with chronic cervical spinal cord compression

Okimatsu

Furuya

Miura

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[2] Recent studies have suggested that relatively slight external force can cause cervical spinal cord injury in elderly patients who have spinal canal stenosis associated with cervical spondylotic changes. [1] Chikuda et al reported that in a randomized control trial of 72 patients with SCIWORA there was no difference in motor score after one year between patients with decompression within 24 hours after spinal cord injury and decompression two weeks after injury. [3] However, there is still no consensus on treating spinal cord injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aging of the population has resulted in more elderly patients with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) without bone and disc injury. [1] SCIWORA, a spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality, was rst proposed by Pang et al and its pathogenesis has been receiving much attention. [2] Recent studies have suggested that relatively slight external force can cause cervical spinal cord injury in elderly patients who have spinal canal stenosis associated with cervical spondylotic changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early decompression promotes motor recovery after cervical spinal cord injury in rats with chronic cervical spinal cord compression

Furuya

Okimatsu

Miura

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundThe number of elderly patients with spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormalities (SCIWORA) has been increasing in recent years and is true of most cervical spinal cord injuries. There is no agreement on the efficacy of decompression in these populations. However, basic research has shown the effectiveness of early decompression after spinal cord injury on the spinal cord without stenosis; no studies have reported the efficacy of decompression in models with spinal cord compressive lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of decompression surgery after mild spinal cord injury in rats with chronic spinal cord compressive lesions.MethodsA water-absorbent polymer sheet (Aquaprene DX, Sanyo Chemical Industries) was inserted dorsally into the 4-5th cervical sublaminar space in 8-week-old Sprague Dawley rats to create a rat model with a chronic spinal compressive lesion. At the age of 16 weeks, 30 mildly myelopathic or asymptomatic rats with a Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan score (BBB score) of 19 or higher were subjected to spinal cord compression injuries. The rats were divided into three groups: an immediate decompression group (decompress immediately after injury), a sub-acute decompression group (decompress one week after injury), and a non-decompression group. Behavioral and histological evaluations were performed four weeks after the injury.ResultsAt 20 weeks of age, the BBB score and FLS (Forelimb Locomotor Scale) of both the immediate and the sub-acute decompression groups were significantly higher than those of the non-decompression group. There was no significant difference between the immediate decompression group and the sub-acute decompression group. TUNEL (transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) staining showed significantly fewer positive cells in both decompression groups compared to the non-decompression group. LFB (Luxol fast blue) staining showed significantly more demyelination, and GAP-43 (growth associated protein-43) staining tended to show fewer positive cells in the non-decompression group.ConclusionsDecompression surgery in the acute or sub-acute phase of injury is effective after mild spinal cord injury in rats with chronic compressive lesions. There was no significant difference between the immediate decompression and sub-acute decompression groups.

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Protective effect of D-pinitol on the experimental spinal cord injury in rats

Liu

et al. 2020

Metab Brain Dis

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Acute Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Early decompression promotes motor recovery after cervical spinal cord injury in rats with chronic cervical spinal cord compression

Early decompression promotes motor recovery after cervical spinal cord injury in rats with chronic cervical spinal cord compression

Early decompression promotes motor recovery after cervical spinal cord injury in rats with chronic cervical spinal cord compression

Protective effect of D-pinitol on the experimental spinal cord injury in rats

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