Adapting to Climate Change: Retrospective Analysis of Climate Technology Interaction in the Rice-Based Farming System of Nepal

Forest Dependent Indigenous Communities’ Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change through Local Knowledge in the Protected Area—A Bangladesh Case Study

“…Moreover, stems of betel leaves and lemon trees die, and disease spreads commonly throughout the farm in the LNP area, which has been supported by the findings of Vedwan and Rhoades [23], Saha and Azam [30], Rosenzweig et al [59] and Pautasso et al [60]. As a response to climate change, crop management strategies such as introduction of new crop varieties, crop diversification, and change in planting and harvesting time are common, which shows better adaptability by enhancing crop diversity, increasing overall crop yield, and diversify local diets [16,17,[60][61][62][63]. In Philippines, forest-dependent smallholder farmers have been suffering from delayed fruiting of fruit trees, higher incidence of pests and diseases, etc.…”

Adapting Agriculture to Climate Variability and Change: Capacity Building Through Technological Innovation

“…While climate change poses a fundamental challenge often outside the range of current and past experiences, it is reasonable to expect that farmers and their supporting institutions would respond to new crop growing environments brought about by climate change the same way they have responded to climatic limitations of the past (Chhetri and Easterling, 2010). Insights for agricultural adaptation that confront us today may well be found in the experience of handling climatic challenges across various regions.…”

“…and the availability of technological choices for farmers (Reilly et al, 1996;Heyd and Brooks, 2009;Chhetri and Easterling, 2010). Technology can potentially play an important role in adaptation in agriculture, yet much of what is known about the process of technological innovation in agriculture has yet to be captured in discussions of climate change adaptation.…”

Technological Solutions for Climate Change Adaptation in the Peruvian Highlands

“…It is through appropriately scaled institutions that better interactions between farmers, local experts, scientists, and individuals from NGOs can take place. Institutions such as NGOs can be thought of as new configurations that facilitate co-production, the preservation of local knowledge, the integration of expert knowledge, and the sharing of information and technology [69].…”

“…In agricultural systems, technology and institutions have been identified as two important pathways for building adaptive capacity and facilitating climate change adaptation, especially those institutions that transfer or enhance the use of technology [69]. The broader institutional environment can impose both opportunities and constraints for climate change adaptation, highlighting the need to closely examine how institutions influence adaptive capacity in agricultural systems [63].…”